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LSTM Parasitology > Sandflies + leishmaniasis > Flashcards

Sandflies + leishmaniasis Flashcards

1
Q

Old world sand flies

A

Phlebotomus

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2
Q

New world sand flies

A

Lutzomyia

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3
Q

What are the leishmania species for visceral leishmaniasis?

A

L. donovani in Indian sub continent + E. Africa

L. infantum/ L. chagasi in Mediterranean and South America

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4
Q

Leishmaniasis species responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis?

A

~10 species, mainly L. major. L. braziliensis for muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis

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5
Q

Infective stage of Leishmania to humans

A

Metacyclic promastigotes

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6
Q

What do metacyclic promastigotes invade?

A

Macrophages

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7
Q

Area primarily infected in cutaneous leishmania patients

A

Skin and submucosa resulting in ulcerations

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8
Q

Pathology of visceral leishmaniasis

A

Death of phagocytes cause spleen and bone marrow to undergo increased phagocyte production

Results in anaemia
Weight loss
Hepato/splenomegaly

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9
Q

How would you diagnose visceral leishmaniasis?

A

Splenic aspirates

Serology

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10
Q

How would you diagnose cutaneous leishmaniasis?

A

Biopsy of ulcer with PCR.

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11
Q

How would you treat VL?

A

Antimonials such as Miltefosine

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12
Q

Control of leishmania

A

Diagnosis and treatment
IRS
Controlling rodent reservoirs

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13
Q

Sandflies are vectors of?

3 things

A

Leishmania
Bartonellosis
Chandipura virus

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14
Q

Male and female sandflies take blood meals true or false?

A

False

Only females blood feed

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15
Q

Sandflies become infected with leishmania when they ingest _____________.

A

Amastigotes

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16
Q

How do promastigotes get into a human host?

A

Blood feed.
Clog sandfly oesophagus and pharynx which causes sandfly to constantly unblock obstruction
Promastigotes enter host

Also crushing insect

17
Q

Traps used to control sandflies

A

Sticky traps
CDC light traps
Shannon traps
Disney trap

18
Q

Sandfly control methods include?

A 
Traps
Insecticide spraying
Insect repellents
Protective clothing
Integrated control
19
Q

How do you differentiate between male and female sandflies?

A

Male has external claspers at end of abdomen, females have short, rounded abdomen

20
Q

How do you differentiate sandfly larvae?

A

Well defined black head. Head and body segments have thick bristles and last segment has a long caudal bristles.

LSTM Parasitology (19 decks)

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