Salt and Water

Question 1

A healthy student drinks 2 litres of water in 5 mins. Which of the following correctly describes the physiological response?

Answer 1

Osmolality falls - ADH secretion stops - urine volume increases

Question 2

What does renin do?

Answer 2

Convert angiotensinogen to Angiotensin 1

Question 3

What does ACE do?

Answer 3

Convert angiotensin 1 to angiotension 2

Question 4

Intracellular cations

Answer 4

Mg2+
Ca2+
K+

Question 5

Intracellular anions

Answer 5

HCO3- 
Cl-
HPO43-
SO42-
Proteins

Question 6

What is the most prevalent cation within the cell?

Answer 6

Potassium

Question 7

In water deprivation

Answer 7

• Body detects body serum osmolality

- Produces ADH

Question 8

What is the site of synthesis of ADH ?

Answer 8

Hypothalamus

Question 9

What is the principal site of renin production?

Answer 9

Juxtaglomerular cells

Question 10

What is a factor calculated in osmolality?

Answer 10

Urea

Question 11

What is the relationship between albumin and oedema?

Answer 11

A low albumin causes a decrease in oncotic pressure and water diffuses from the blood into the interstitial fluid

Question 12

What is an example of insensible fluid loss?

Answer 12

Water respiration

Question 13

How is the TBW distributed by volume? (Assume healthy 70 Kg man)

Answer 13

28L/11L/3L

Question 14

What is the site of synthesis of aldosterone?

Answer 14

Adrenal cortex