Saliva

Question 1

what is the ph of saliva?

Answer 1

6-7.4, alkali

Question 2

Is saliva hypertonic or hypotonic?

Answer 2

Hypotonic

Question 3

What does saliva contain more of?

Answer 3

K+ and hco3 -

Question 4

What does the saliva contain less of?

Answer 4

Na+

Question 5

The secretion of electrolytes occurs in which two stages?

Answer 5

Primary and secondary secretion

Question 6

What does the primary secretion secrete?

Answer 6

Na+, k+, cl-

Question 7

What happens in secondary secretion?

Answer 7

Na+ and Cl- reabsorbed
K+ and HCO3- secreted

Question 8

What are the functions of saliva?

Answer 8

Digestive
Protective
Buffer action
Moistening

Question 9

Describe the moistening function of saliva

Answer 9

The mucous in saliva moistens and lubricates food and thus facilitates swallowing

Question 10

What are the two enzymes in the saliva?

Answer 10

Ptyalin( salivary amylase)
Lingual lipase

Question 11

What is the function of ptyalin ( salivary amylase)?

Answer 11

Digests cooked starch

Question 12

What is the function of lingual lipase?

Answer 12

Breaks down the triglycerides into fatty acids

Question 13

Describe the protective function of saliva

Answer 13

Saliva helps in protection of oral mucosa by cleaning and washing effects which is reinforced by a lysozyme

Question 14

Describe the buffer action of saliva

Answer 14

Buffering action of saliva neutralizes any acids

Question 15

What increases salivation?

Answer 15

Parasympathetic stimulation

Question 16

What are the nervous mechanisms that control salivary secretion?

Answer 16

Unconditioned reflexes and conditioned reflexes

Question 17

What is unconditioned reflexes?

Answer 17

Presence of food in the mouth stimulates oral taste receptors

Question 18

What is conditioned reflexes?

Answer 18

Seeing, smelling, leaving or even thinking of food will stimulate the cerebral cortex that will stimulate the salivary nuclei
This needs previous learning and training