Control Of Body Functions Flashcards
What are two types of control in the body?
Nervous control & chemical control
What are the 2 types of nervous control?
Central nervous & peripheral nervous system
In what nervous system is the brain and spinal cold?
In central nervous system
What does the peripheral nervous system divide into?
Somatic and autonomic
What is in somatic?
Sensory & motor
What is in autonomic?
Sympathetic & parasympathetic
What does the chemical control consists of?
Hormones, vitamins and enzymes
What does the nervous system consists of?
Sensory part, central part, motor part
What is protected inside bones?
Central nervous system
What does the skull contain?
Brain
What is the spinal cord enclosed by?
Vertebral column
What is present outside bones?
Peripheral nervous system
How many pairs of cranial nerves does the peripheral nervous system has?
12 pairs
How many pairs of spinal nerves does the peripheral nervous system has?
31 pairs
What is a neuron?
The structural unit of the nervous system
What are neuroglial cells?
Non-excitable cells that forms the matrix of NS that maintains its structure
What are the two major glial cells?
Microglia and macroglia
What are three types of macroglia?
Oligodendrocytes,Schwann cells, Astrocytes
What are microglia?
Macrophages of CNS that engulf foreign substances, helping in tissue repair
What is oligodendroglia?
Forms and maintaince the myelin sheath around axons in the CNS
What are Schwann cells?
Form and maintain the myelin sheath around axons in the peripheral nervous system
What are astrocytes?
Large cells that send processes to blood vessels to induce the tight junctions making up the blood-brain barrier
Also send processes to envelop synapses and the surface of nerve cells
What is a reflex?
The involuntary response to a stimulus
What is a reflex action?
The functional unit of the nervous system, starts with a stimulus and ends with a response
What is a reflex arc?
The pathway of impulses from a receptor to an effector organ
What does the reflex arc consist of?
Receptor
Afferent fiber
Center
Efferent fiber
Effector organ
