Control Of Gastric Emptying

Question 1

What are the factors that affect gastric emptying?

Answer 1

Type of food
Gastric factors
Duodenal factors
Psychic factors

Question 2

How does type of food affect gastric emptying?

Answer 2

Consistency → liquids are evacuated more rapidly than solids
Size of food → emptying is delayed when more food is ingested
Type of food → carbohydrates are evacuated in hours, then proteins and lastly fats as they lead to release of hormones that decrease emptying and motility

Question 3

What are the gastric factors that affect gastric emptying?

Answer 3

Moderate gastric distention by food will elicit vagal and myenteric reflexes from gastric wall increasing gastric peristalsis and emptying
Overdistension of the stomach inhibits both gastric motility and emptying

Question 4

What are the duodenal factors that affect gastric emptying?

Answer 4

Nervous factors → in the form of vago-vagal enterogastric reflex
Hormonal factors → presence of fats and proteins in duodenum, causes release of hormones (CCK, GIP, secretin) that will delay gastric emptying