Safety Concerns & Side Effects Flashcards
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Common Name
Safety concerns, contraindications, side effects
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Garlic
GI discomfort, nausea, odor, allergic rxn. Bloating, headache, dizziness, sweating, orthostatic probs, heartburn
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Ginkgo
Allergic rxn to Ginkgolic acids –should be <5ppm. Hypersensitivity to ginkgo extracts. Rarely: mild GI upset, headache, allergic skin rxn. Possible hemorrhage
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Red Yeast Rice
Gastritis, abdominal discomfort, high liver enzymes. NOT for pregnancy, under 18, or liver problems.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Aloe vera
Aloe latex is very strong laxative, not approved in US.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Calendula
No contraindications or side effects known.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Chamomile
On GRAS list in US. Low risk of allergy. No contraindications or side effects known.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Comfrey
Has Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) - toxic. Amount should be disclosed. Liver
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Witch Hazel
No contraindications or side effects known.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Tea Tree oil
Allergic reaction. Toxic if ingested
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Evening primrose oil
Nausea, digestive upset, headache. May increase risk of some pregnancy complications.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Arnica
Allergic reaction. Long-term use may cause eczema & skin inflammation. TOPICAL ONLY.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Bromelain
Hypersensitivity & pregnancy. Bleeding disorders, high BP, liver or kidney disease Gastric upset, diarrhea, allergic rxn. Excessive menstrual bleeding
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Butterbur
Pregnancy, lactation, liver ailments. Gastrointestinal complaints (burning), nausea, burping, stomach pain, rarely vomiting, diarrhea, skin rash, cholestatic hepatitis.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Capsicum
Sensory nerve damage ? Burning or pricking sensation, inflammatory rxn
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Devils Claw
Gastric or duodenal ulcer
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Feverfew
Mouth ulcers, allergic rxn.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Hops
None based on current info
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Kava
GI complaints, allergic skin reactions, headache or dizziness. Prolonged use: yellowish skin, impaired visual accommodation, pupil dilation, oculomotor disturbance, pellagra-like skin, liver damage. Liver disease. Rec. Not more than 4 weeks due to liver toxicity.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Lavender
Stomach upset, joint pain, headache. Contact allergy “nonteratogenic” in mice. On GRAS list
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
St. John’s Wort
Photosensitivity, phototoxicity -high dose. Dry mouth, headache, fatigue, dizziness, confusion, anxiety, stomachache. 1-3% rate. No evid. genotoxic or mutagen
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Valerian
No toxicity in rat preg. Low valepotriates (& baldrinals) rec. due to toxicity. No doc. contr- preg/lactation, babies is precaution. Headache, grogginess
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Wormwood, Aka absinthe
Heightens and alters effect of alcohol, thujone poisoning —> cerebral dysfunction w/seizures & hallucinations
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Foxglove
Narrow therapeutic range. Not appropriate for herbalism. Local irritation
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Hawthorn
Unusual: Dizziness, headache, GI upset, palpitation. None in rats studies, including NO impact on prenatal/postnatal development or fertility.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Horse Chestnut
Usually none @right dose. Esculin (poisonous, raise bleeding). Itching, nausea, GI upset, muscle spasms, headache
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
German Chamomile
On GRAS list in US. Low risk of allergy. No contraindications or side effects known.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Ginger
gas, diarrhea, heartburn, abdominal discomfort, caution w/gallstones, GRAS as spice
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Licorice
Limit: <5-15g dried herb and 4-6 weeks (risk of Na/H2O retention, raising BP, lose K, edema) unless “deglycyrrhized”. Contr: liver probs, high BP, hypokalemia, renal failure, pregnancy
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Peppermint
Tea –none significant. Oil –don’t apply to kids mucous membranes, interstitial nephritis, acute renal failure @ 2-9 g menthol. Reflux?
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Turmeric
No adverse events observed
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Buckthorn
Colicky ab pain (griping), more menstrual bleeding & fetal loss. Buckthorn-Severe vomiting & spasms if not aged. All w/ long term abuse –severe electrolyte & water loss, hyperaldosteronism, low K, kidney damage. Contr: pregnancy, lactation, bowel obstruction.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Castor
Colicky ab pain (griping), more menstrual bleeding & fetal loss. All w/ long term abuse –severe electrolyte & water loss, hyperaldosteronism, low K, kidney damage. Contr: pregnancy, lactation, bowel obstruction. Castor– bile obstruction, poisonings with lipid-soluble stuff
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Black Tea
Liver damage
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Flax/ Linseed
Must drink enough water. Don’t take at bedtime. Contr: Stenotic lesions of GI tract.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Milk Thistle
Usually mild. GI complaints (diarrhea, gas, bloating, ab pain), dizziness, naus/vomiting, VMS, allergy. No known contraindications
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Psyllium
Allergic reactions. Must drink enough water. Don’t take at bedtime. Contr: Stenotic lesions of GI tract.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Brewer’s yeast
Migraine attacks, flatulence, itching. Not mutagenic. Contr: yeast allergy. Good safety.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Pelargonium
Appears to be very safe. Occasional skin rash
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Black Cohosh
GI complaints, headache, dizziness, weight gain. No reported toxicity, teratogen, or carcinogen so far. Maybe liver problem
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Chasteberry
No serious ones reported.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Nettle
GI complaints, skin allergies, hyperhidrosis. No contraindications
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Pumpkin seeds
Hot flashes, headache, stomach ache, gout, GI complaints. No known contraindications
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Saw Palmetto
Generally mild. Erectile dysfunction, GI complaints. Prostatic carcinoma, UTI, impotence, ejaculatory problems
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Bearberry
Limit to 1 week use because high tannins. No studies on safety. Contr: pregnancy, lactation, <12
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Asian Ginseng
Supposedly no increased toxicological risk. Mostly mild & reversible. Quality & contamination may be an issue.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Siberian Ginseng
Contr: hypertension. No known side effects
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Ashwagandha (aka Indian ginseng)
Minimal toxicity at therapeutic dose. “safely” used in Ayurveda for 1,000s yrs Lack of studies
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Astralagus
Normal dose not associated with observed adverse effects
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Cordyceps
Dry mouth, skin rash, diarrhea, drowsiness
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Echinacea, which uses root extracts
Very low toxicity. Rec. use less than 8 weeks. Contr: autoimmune diseases & systemic dis-theoretical
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Echinacea, which uses juice of aerial parts
No mutagenicity in vitro, low rate of relatively mild SE (aftertaste, nausea, ab pain) Rec. use less than 8 weeks
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
European mistletoe
Skin rash, itching, injection site inflammation, chills, high fever, headache, chest pain, low BP. Contr: protein sensitivity, chronic progressive infections
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Goldenseal
Contr: pregnancy. Poorly absorbed from GI tract
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Gotu kola
“safe when used appropriately.” Salad green. Few toxicity reports
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Grape seed
Devoid of toxic, mutagenic, or teratogenic effects. May be antimutagenic.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Ephedra
Adrenal tumor, anorexia, diabetes, glaucoma, irregular heartbeat, hypertension, insomnia, excess thyroid hormone, prostate tumor, pregnancy, lactation.
Safety concerns, contrandications, and side effects of:
Eucalyptus
No strong-smells or essential oils in face or on mucosa of kids under 2– risk of respiratory arrest. Rare –stomach upset if internal, skin reaction
