Plant Parts & Preparation

Question 1

Garlic

Answer 1

Bulb. Most dried & powdered. Garlic oil, steam-distilled essential oil, Aged extract

Question 2

Ginkgo

Answer 2

Leaves (seeds traditional). Acetone-and-water extract (Need 35:1 to 67:1 strength. Tablets, capsules, extracts, tea, cosmetics)

Question 3

Onion

Answer 3

bulb

Question 4

Oat Bran

Answer 4

Oat bran

Question 5

Guar Gum

Answer 5

Reserve polysaccharide from Indian guar plant

Question 6

Red Yeast Rice

Answer 6

Fungus grown on rice and fermented.

Question 7

Aloe vera

Answer 7

Dried juice of leaf or grinding leaves

Question 8

Calendula

Answer 8

Flowers. Infusion, tincture, fluid extract, cold infused oil, ointment

Question 9

Chamomile

Answer 9

Flower heads, dried. Alcohol extract or aqueous preparation. Topical or oral. Sometimes inhaled.

Question 10

Comfrey

Answer 10

Leaves and roots

Question 11

Witch Hazel

Answer 11

Leaves, bark, twigs. Distilled extract (topical)

Question 12

Tea Tree oil

Answer 12

Leaves, steam distilled

Question 13

Evening primrose oil

Answer 13

Seeds, oil. extracted with hexane. (Water-in-oil emulsion may be better)

Question 14

Arnica

Answer 14

Flowers. Tinctures, ointments

Question 15

Bromelain

Answer 15

Enzymes from fruiting stems & juice.

Question 16

Boswellia (Frankincense)

Answer 16

Oleo-gum-resin

Question 17

Butterbur

Answer 17

rhizome

Question 18

Capsicum

Answer 18

Fruit, alcoholic extracts or oily preparations

Question 19

Devils Claw

Answer 19

Tubers, chopped, sun-dried

Question 20

Feverfew

Answer 20

Dried whole leaf (ethanol extract may not be effective)

Question 21

Willow Bark

Answer 21

bark

Question 22

Hops

Answer 22

Hop resin in Strobiles (F flowers, 15-50%) & glands (50-80%). Dried

Question 23

Kava

Answer 23

Root/rhizome. Dried, then chewed or ground macerated in cold water & strain liquid (beverage). Extract: ethanol-water (30%) or acetone-H2O 70%

Question 24

Lavender

Answer 24

Flowers. essential oil (steam dist) as aromatherapy or extract

Question 25

Lemon Balm

Answer 25

Dried leaves

Question 26

Passion Flower

Answer 26

Dried, leafy aerial parts

Question 27

St. John’s Wort

Answer 27

Buds, flowers, distal leaves, dried under 40°C & alcohol extract w/ water, in darkness

Question 28

Valerian

Answer 28

Root. cut and dried for tea, water or water-ethanol extract

Question 29

Wormwood, Aka absinthe

Answer 29

Dried aerial parts, leaves & flowering tops

Question 30

Butcher’s Broom

Answer 30

rhizome

Question 31

Foxglove

Answer 31

Leaf extract

Question 32

Hawthorn

Answer 32

Leaves & flowers, white-blooming only. Dried or extract

Question 33

Horse Chestnut

Answer 33

Extract from fully ripe seeds, rapidly dried. H2O/ETOH mixture

Question 34

Caraway

Answer 34

Dried ripe fruits (aka seeds) or alcoholic extract of them.

Question 35

German Chamomile

Answer 35

Flower heads. Alcohol extract or aqueous preparation. Solvent has impact.

Question 36

Roman Chamomile

Answer 36

Flower heads. Alcohol extract or aqueous preparation. Solvent has impact.

Question 37

Ginger

Answer 37

rhizome

Question 38

Licorice

Answer 38

Dried rhizome & roots

Question 39

Peppermint

Answer 39

Aerial parts. Steam distillation for oil

Question 40

Turmeric

Answer 40

Root extract

Question 41

Buckthorn

Answer 41

Dried bark. Must be aged or heated while exposed to air to weaken.

Question 42

Castor

Answer 42

Mechanically COLD pressed oil of seeds

Question 43

Black Tea

Answer 43

Leaves. Green– immed heated-> rolled, crushed-> dried. Black– fermented. Wilted, rolled, fermented to red-brown -> dried

Question 44

Flax/ Linseed

Answer 44

Seeds (ripe & dried)

Question 45

Milk Thistle

Answer 45

Ripe fruits (“seeds”), pappus removed. Dried

Question 46

Psyllium

Answer 46

Seed or husk. Husk 5 x’s more active.

Question 47

Brewer’s yeast

Answer 47

Whole organism—bottom fermented yeast. Cultured in liquid & freeze dried

Question 48

Senna

Answer 48

Seed pods or leaves. Teas or extracts.

Question 49

Marshmallow

Answer 49

root

Question 50

Meadowsweet

Answer 50

Dried flowers– petals and buds. Tea infusion

Question 51

Pelargonium

Answer 51

Extract of rhizomes

Question 52

Black Cohosh

Answer 52

Dried rhizome & roots

Question 53

Chasteberry

Answer 53

Dried, ripe fruits or alcohol extract of it.

Question 54

Nettle

Answer 54

Root. Hydroalcoholic extracts (methanol or ethanol)

Question 55

Pumpkin seeds

Answer 55

Seeds (soft-shell). Usually whole or ground, sometimes expressed oil or dry extract

Question 56

Pygeum

Answer 56

Ground bark. Lipophilic extract

Question 57

Saw Palmetto

Answer 57

Berries, extracted w/hexane or CO2 (lipophilic)

Question 58

Bearberry

Answer 58

leaves

Question 59

Asian Ginseng

Answer 59

Root, dried. Powder or extract

Question 60

Siberian Ginseng

Answer 60

Root, dried or extract

Question 61

Ashwagandha (aka Indian ginseng)

Answer 61

root

Question 62

Astralagus

Answer 62

root

Question 63

Cat’s Claw

Answer 63

bark

Question 64

Cordyceps

Answer 64

Fruiting body– fungus. Usually hyphal isolates

Question 65

Echinacea, which uses root extracts

Answer 65

Root—alcoholic extracts

Question 66

Echinacea, which uses juice of aerial parts

Answer 66

Juices of fresh aerial parts, incl flowers (40 parts juice from 100 parts plant)

Question 67

European mistletoe

Answer 67

Extract, leaves, branches, berries. Preparations vary. Usually injected

Question 68

Goldenseal

Answer 68

Dried rhizome & roots

Question 69

Gotu kola

Answer 69

Leaves (swampy tropical creeper)

Question 70

Grape seed

Answer 70

Seed, concentrated x 100

Question 71

Rhodiola

Answer 71

Root, dried & powdered or extracts of it.

Question 72

Elder

Answer 72

Flowers, ideally without peduncles/pedicels, tea

Question 73

Ephedra

Answer 73

Dried young stems

Question 74

Eucalyptus

Answer 74

Essential oil distilled from leaves

Question 75

Ivy Leaf

Answer 75

Leaf extract

Question 76

Linden

Answer 76

Whole flowering tops of tree, incl. bracts