safety and comfort

Question 1

what does OSHA do?

Answer 1

identifies risks and develops standards to prevent serious injuries and illnesses caused by work related musculoskeletal disorders resulted from repetitious motions

Question 2

when assessing a pts risk for injury, what should be the viewpoint?

Answer 2

to maintain independence and fostering self esteem while providing a safe and predictable environment

Question 3

what are some psycho social risk factors that may affect safety?

Answer 3

stress, depression, social isolation,

Question 4

when looking at the nursing history during a safety assessment, what are some things to look for?

Answer 4

look for history of falls

note assistive devices

history of drug or alcohol abuse

family support systems and home environment (if applicable)

medications ( some can alter LOC or balance)

assess the pts reaction to the environment

Question 5

During the initial physical examination, what should you be looking for in a risk assessment?

Answer 5

mobility status

ability to communicate

LOC

sensory perception

potential safety hazards

recognize manifestations of domestic violence or neglect

Question 6

how do home fires start and how do you assess the risk?

Answer 6

smoking in the bed or couch
stoves, candles, electric heaters

assess the knowledge of family members and the presence of functioning smoke detectors

Question 7

for risk of poisoning, which substances are we most concerned about ?

what are some common agents?

Answer 7

alcohol, tricyclic antidepressants, theophylline

acetominophen
hydrocarbons (gas, furniture polish)
caustics ( cleaning agents)
Iron (vitamins)
lead
insecticides

Question 8

what are the most common causes of poisoning in older adults

Answer 8

accidental overdose because of confusion or forgetfullness

poor vision

Question 9

What are safety risks for fetus’

Answer 9

abnormal growth and development

Question 10

What are safety risks for neonate

Answer 10

infection, falls, SIDS

Question 11

What are safety risks for Infants

Answer 11

falls
injuries from toys
burns
suffocation or drowning
inhalation or ingestion of foreign objects

Question 12

What are safety risks for toddlers

Answer 12

falls
cuts from sharp objects
burns
suffocation or drowning
inhalation or ingestion of foreign bodies or poisons

Question 13

What are safety risks for preschooler

Answer 13

falls
cuts
burns
drowning
inhalation or ingestions
Guns and weapons

Question 14

What are safety risks for school aged children

Answer 14

burns
drowning
broken bones
concussions
inhalation or ingestion
guns and weapons
substance abuse

Question 15

What are safety risks for adolescents

Answer 15

drowning
motor vehicle accidents
guns and weapons
inhalation and ingestion

Question 16

What are safety risks for adults

Answer 16

stress
domestic violence
motor vechicle accidents
industrial accidents
drug and alcohol abuse

Question 17

What are safety risks for older adults

Answer 17

falls
motor vehicle accidents
elder abuse
sensorimotor changes
fires

Question 18

How often should a pt in restraints be assessed?

Answer 18

every 4 hours for adults

every 2 hours for pts 9-17

every hour for children under 9

Question 19

what documentation is needed for restraints?

Answer 19

date and time
type of restraint
alternatives attempted
notification of family and physician

frequency of assessment, your findings, intervals, and interventions

Question 20

what are the most common causes of hospital fires?

Answer 20

careless, smoking, faulty electrical equipment, and combustion of anesthetic agents

Question 21

What is RACE?

Answer 21

Rescue patients

activate the firecode system and notify appropriate person

confine fire

evacuate patients and others to safe area

Question 22

what is the focus of emergency treatment of poisoning

Answer 22

stabilize body functions
prevent absorption of poison
and encourage excretion of the substance

Question 23

what are the symptoms presented in chemical choking agents?

Answer 23

dyspnea
couch
pulmonary edema

Question 24

what are the symptoms presented by blood agents

Answer 24

loss of conciousness
convulsions
respiratory arrest

Question 25

what are the symptoms of vesicants/blister agents

Answer 25

skin erythema and blisters
eye irritation
progressively severe respiratory symptoms
damage to bone marrow

Question 26

what are the symptoms of nerve agents

Answer 26

constricted pupils
reddened eyes
loss of conciousness
convulsions
respiratory arrest

Question 27

What are the symptoms of incapacitating agents?

Answer 27

hyperthermia
bizarre behavior
delirium

Question 28

what are the symptoms of anthrax?

treatments and precautions?

Answer 28

Cutaneous : lesions turning to ulcers with local edema

Gastric: nausea, vomiting, fever, hematemesis

Inhalation: meningitis, septicemia, shock and death

antimicrobials, vaccine

Question 29

what are the symptoms of plague

Answer 29

severe respiratory infection progressing to pnumonia , sepsis, and death

droplet precautions
streptomycin

Question 30

What are the symptoms of smallpox

Answer 30

droplet and contact

flue like symptoms with a rash that crusts in 5 days

vaccine available

Question 31

What are the symptoms of botulism

Answer 31

blurred vision
skeletal muscle paralysis
abrupt respiratory failure

standard precautions
supportive care

Question 32

What are the symptoms of Tularemia

Answer 32

fever, cough, respiratory failure

streptomycin or gentamicin sulfate
fluid and respiratory support

Question 33

Viral hemorrhagic fevers symptoms

Answer 33

standard, droplet, and contact, airborn

fever, petechial hemorrhages
conjunctival symptoms
mild hypotension
myalgias