safety and comfort Flashcards

1
Q

what does OSHA do?

A

identifies risks and develops standards to prevent serious injuries and illnesses caused by work related musculoskeletal disorders resulted from repetitious motions

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2
Q

when assessing a pts risk for injury, what should be the viewpoint?

A

to maintain independence and fostering self esteem while providing a safe and predictable environment

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3
Q

what are some psycho social risk factors that may affect safety?

A

stress, depression, social isolation,

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4
Q

when looking at the nursing history during a safety assessment, what are some things to look for?

A

look for history of falls

note assistive devices

history of drug or alcohol abuse

family support systems and home environment (if applicable)

medications ( some can alter LOC or balance)

assess the pts reaction to the environment

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5
Q

During the initial physical examination, what should you be looking for in a risk assessment?

A

mobility status

ability to communicate

LOC

sensory perception

potential safety hazards

recognize manifestations of domestic violence or neglect

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6
Q

how do home fires start and how do you assess the risk?

A

smoking in the bed or couch
stoves, candles, electric heaters

assess the knowledge of family members and the presence of functioning smoke detectors

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7
Q

for risk of poisoning, which substances are we most concerned about ?

what are some common agents?

A

alcohol, tricyclic antidepressants, theophylline

acetominophen
hydrocarbons (gas, furniture polish)
caustics ( cleaning agents)
Iron (vitamins)
lead
insecticides
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8
Q

what are the most common causes of poisoning in older adults

A

accidental overdose because of confusion or forgetfullness

poor vision

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9
Q

What are safety risks for fetus’

A

abnormal growth and development

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10
Q

What are safety risks for neonate

A

infection, falls, SIDS

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11
Q

What are safety risks for Infants

A
falls
injuries from toys
burns
suffocation or drowning
inhalation or ingestion of foreign objects
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12
Q

What are safety risks for toddlers

A
falls
cuts from sharp objects
burns
suffocation or drowning
inhalation or ingestion of foreign bodies or poisons
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13
Q

What are safety risks for preschooler

A
falls
cuts
burns
drowning
inhalation or ingestions
Guns and weapons
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14
Q

What are safety risks for school aged children

A
burns
drowning
broken bones
concussions
inhalation or ingestion
guns and weapons
substance abuse
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15
Q

What are safety risks for adolescents

A

drowning
motor vehicle accidents
guns and weapons
inhalation and ingestion

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16
Q

What are safety risks for adults

A
stress
domestic violence
motor vechicle accidents
industrial accidents
drug and alcohol abuse
17
Q

What are safety risks for older adults

A
falls
motor vehicle accidents
elder abuse
sensorimotor changes
fires
18
Q

How often should a pt in restraints be assessed?

A

every 4 hours for adults

every 2 hours for pts 9-17

every hour for children under 9

19
Q

what documentation is needed for restraints?

A

date and time
type of restraint
alternatives attempted
notification of family and physician

frequency of assessment, your findings, intervals, and interventions

20
Q

what are the most common causes of hospital fires?

A

careless, smoking, faulty electrical equipment, and combustion of anesthetic agents

21
Q

What is RACE?

A

Rescue patients

activate the firecode system and notify appropriate person

confine fire

evacuate patients and others to safe area

22
Q

what is the focus of emergency treatment of poisoning

A

stabilize body functions
prevent absorption of poison
and encourage excretion of the substance

23
Q

what are the symptoms presented in chemical choking agents?

A

dyspnea
couch
pulmonary edema

24
Q

what are the symptoms presented by blood agents

A

loss of conciousness
convulsions
respiratory arrest

25
Q

what are the symptoms of vesicants/blister agents

A

skin erythema and blisters
eye irritation
progressively severe respiratory symptoms
damage to bone marrow

26
Q

what are the symptoms of nerve agents

A
constricted pupils
reddened eyes
loss of conciousness
convulsions
respiratory arrest
27
Q

What are the symptoms of incapacitating agents?

A

hyperthermia
bizarre behavior
delirium

28
Q

what are the symptoms of anthrax?

treatments and precautions?

A

Cutaneous : lesions turning to ulcers with local edema

Gastric: nausea, vomiting, fever, hematemesis

Inhalation: meningitis, septicemia, shock and death

antimicrobials, vaccine

29
Q

what are the symptoms of plague

A

severe respiratory infection progressing to pnumonia , sepsis, and death

droplet precautions
streptomycin

30
Q

What are the symptoms of smallpox

A

droplet and contact

flue like symptoms with a rash that crusts in 5 days

vaccine available

31
Q

What are the symptoms of botulism

A

blurred vision
skeletal muscle paralysis
abrupt respiratory failure

standard precautions
supportive care

32
Q

What are the symptoms of Tularemia

A

fever, cough, respiratory failure

streptomycin or gentamicin sulfate
fluid and respiratory support

33
Q

Viral hemorrhagic fevers symptoms

A

standard, droplet, and contact, airborn

fever, petechial hemorrhages
conjunctival symptoms
mild hypotension
myalgias