Safeguarding

Question 1

What is a child in need?

Answer 1

A child who will need extra support or additional services to reach their full potential

Question 2

What is child abuse / neglect

Answer 2

Behaviour shown by anyone trusted with the care of the child that:

• damages the prospects of safe and healthy development into adulthood

Question 3

What are the 3 elements that must be present in child abuse?

Answer 3

• significant harm to the child
• carer has some responsibility for that harm
• significant connection between responsibility over the child and the harm that has occurred to the child

Question 4

Give the names of some legislation in place to help prevent child abuse / negligence

Answer 4

Children and young peoples act 2014 - GIRFEC

Children and young peoples charter - UN convention

Question 5

What are the main aims/focuses of GIRFEC - CYPA 2014?

Answer 5

GETTING IT RIGHT FOR EVERY CHILD

• implementing a named person who is a single point of contact for the child and family to go to for advice
• SHANARRI approach 8 domains of wellbeing of the child

Question 6

What is the SHANARRI approach? What act does it belong in?

Answer 6

GIRFEC - child and young persons act 2014 - helps to view child’s strengths and weaknesses

Safe - grow in safe environment

Healthy - physical and mental health

Achieving - supported and guided

Nurtured - provides physical and emotional security

Active - opportunity for physical activites

Respected - having voices heard

Responsible - encourage to take on responsible roles

Included - overcome inequalities or discrimination

Question 7

What are the aims of the UN convention - children and young peoples charter?

Answer 7

Protection - against physical abuse. Some areas of UK have reasonable chastisement issue

Participation - full participation for all disabled children

Provision - standard of living should be adequate for proper development of the child

Question 8

What are the main etiological factors of child abuse?

Answer 8

Adult - drugs, alcohol, poverty, unemployment etc

Child - crying, disability, unwanted pregnancy, product of forced, commercial or coerced sex

Community - living conditions, neighbourhood

Family violence /dysfunctional - violence towards pets, social isolation, poverty

Question 9

In 2019, how many children on child protection register?

Answer 9

2599

Question 10

What are the categories of child abuse?

Answer 10

Physical

Emotional

Neglect

Sexual

Question 11

Which children are most vulnerable to child abuse?

Answer 11

Under 5’s

Irregular attenders who DNA, return in pain

Children who are involved in social care

Children with medical conditions or disabilities

Question 12

What are some markers of general neglect?

Answer 12

Short stature

Inappropriate clothing and weather injuries

Ingrained dirt, gross dental decay

Attention seeking behaviour

Question 13

What are some short term effects of child neglect?

Answer 13

• cognitive issues
• poor emotional health
• poor physical health
• poor social development

Question 14

What are some longer term effects of child neglect?

Answer 14

Increased likelihood of

• arrest
• suicide
• major mental health issues
• diabetes
• heart disease

Question 15

Define dental neglect

Answer 15

Wilful failure, of a parent or carer, to seek and follow the required treatment for the child to ensure a level of oral health for adequate function and freedom from pain and infection

Question 16

What would be some indicators a child is dentally neglected?

Answer 16

Repeated failure to attend appointments

Failure to complete treatment when it has been offered

Repeatedly in pain

Repeated GA

Obvious disease

Question 17

What are the 3 stages of managing dental neglect?

Answer 17

Preventative dental team management

Preventative multi-agency management

Referral to child protection

Question 18

What should be done in stage 1 - preventative dental team management?

Answer 18

I should raise concerns with the parents or carers of the child’s dental condition

This incudes offering support, setting targets, keeping records and monitoring progress

Question 19

What should be done at stage 2 - multi agency management?

Answer 19

Liaise with other professionals to see if concerns have been raised elsewhere - GP, councillor, school nurse or social worker

CAF (common assessment framework) maybe

Is child on child protection plan? Check this

Agree to joint plan of action

Question 20

What are features of non accidental injuries?

Answer 20

Irregular injuries both sides

Injuries to soft tissue - most accidental are on bony prominences

Injury that doesn’t fit explanation

Untreated injuries

Injury in the triangle of safety

Question 21

What are some major clinical features of injuries to the head and mouth?

Answer 21

Tooth trauma

Fraenal injuries

Skin lesions - burns, bites, bruises

Bone lesions - fractures

Inter-cranial lesions from shaking

Question 22

What questions should be raised when a child has an injury?

Answer 22

Could it be done acidentally?

Does explanation fit age and clinical findings?

Any delay in seeking advice?