Sacral Somatic Dysfunction Flashcards
what types of dysfunctions can we have in the sacrum?
unilateral, bilateral, and torsions
what are the steps of sacral testing?
- static testing 2. motion testing
what are we inspecting during static testing?
the sacral sulcus, L5 rotation (for torsions), and the inferior lateral angles
what is the sacral sulcus?
the difference between where the PSIS is and where the sacral base is
how does an anterior sacral sulcus appear?
deeper than the opposite sacral sulcus
how does a posterior sacral sulcus appear?
shallower than the opposite sacral sulcus
what are the 3 methods of motion testing?
lateralization, active motion, and passive motion
what test is used for the lateralization method?
seated forward bending test
what are the tests used for the active motion method?
backward bending test and respiratory motion test
what are the tests used for the passive motion method?
lumbosacral spring test and oblique axis passive motion
what will the lateralization be in a bilateral dysfunction?
negative
what will the lateralization be in a unilateral dysfunction?
it will be positive on the side of the dysfunction
what will the lateralization be in a torsion dysfunction?
a positive test is opposite of the side of the axis
what does a positive seated flexion test identify?
the side of the sacroiliac dysfunction
what does a positive backward bending test show?
the sacrum is unable to flex (so you have an extended sacrum)
how should the bilateral sacral base move during inhalation?
posteriorly (extension position)
how should the bilateral sacral base move during exhalation?
anteriorly (flexed position)
what does the lumbar spring test define?
flexion/extension
what does a positive lumbar spring test indicate?
the lumbar spine does not move well into extension
what does a negative lumbar spring test mean for the sacrum?
a flexed sacrum
what does a positive lumbar spring test mean for the sacrum?
an extended sacrum
what are the different types of sacral axis (broad)?
transverse, oblique, and vertical
what are the different types of transverse axis?
superior transverse axis (S2 posteriorly), middle transverse axis (S2 anteriorly), and inferior transverse axis (S3)
what is the superior transverse axis responsible for?
for our respiratory motion
what is the middle transverse axis responsible for?
postural motion
dysfunction along the middle transverse axis will have what kind of findings?
bilateral
what is the inferior transverse axis responsible for?
innominate rotation
dysfunction along the left oblique axis will have an anterior sacral sulcus on what side of the posterior ILA?
the opposite side
dysfunction along the vertical axis will have an anterior sacral sulcus on what side?
on the same side as the posterior ILA
what is the restriction along with a torsion diagnosis?
an oblique axis
what is the restriction along with a unilateral diagnosis?
vertical axis
what is the restriction along with a bilateral diagnosis?
along the middle transverse axis
what would a seated forward bending test look like for a right sacrum flexed dysfunction?
it would be positive on the right
what would the BBT/Lumbar Spring test be for a left sacrum extended dysfunction?
it would be positive on the left (gets worse/difficulty of spring)
what would the seated forward bending test be of a left sacrum extended dysfunction?
it would be positive on the left
what would the seated forward bending test be for a bilateral sacrum flexed dysfunction?
it would be negative- there is no lateralization
what would the sacral sulci look like in a bilateral sacrum flexed dysfunction?
deep (anterior) bilaterally
what would the sacral sulci look like in a bilateral sacrum extended dysfunction?
bilateral posterior (shallow) sacral sulci
how should you name a torsion?
first you name for the rotation of the sacrum second you name for the axis involved (e.g. left rotation on a right oblique axis sacral torsion: L/R ST)
what would an example of a flexed/forward torsion be?
left on left ST or Right on right ST
what would the BBT and lumbar spring be for a left rotation on left axis ST?
they would be negative (gets better, same letter)
what is the seated forward bending test for a left rotation on left axis ST?
it is positive on the right
what would the BBT and lumbar spring be for a right rotation on right axis ST?
they would be negative
what would the seated forward bending test be for a right rotation on a right axis ST?
it would be positive on the left
what would the BBT and lumbar spring be of a left rotation on a right axis ST?
they would be positive (it is an extended dysfunction)
what would the sacral sulcus on the right look like for a left rotation on right axis sacral torsion?
it would be anterior (deep)
what would the ILA on the left be for a left rotation on a right axis sacral torsion?
it would be posterior on the left
what would the seated forward bending test be for a left rotation on a right axis be?
it would be positive on the left
what would the seated forward bending test be for a right rotation on left axis ST?
it would be positive on the right
what does compensation of the lumbar spine/sacrum mean?
means that the lumbar spine and the sacrum are moving in opposite directions that gives us balance
if we have an uncompensation in our sacral base and L5, what should we do first?
treat L5 first
how does L5 sidebend?
toward the oblique axis of the torsion
if we have a flexed dysfunction in the sacrum (L/L ST and R/R ST), what will the position/mechanics of L5 be?
it will be neutral (type 1)
if we have a flexed dysfunction in the sacrum (L/R ST or R/L ST) what would the position/mechanics of L5 be?
flexed/extended (Type 2)
If i have a right rotation on a right axis ST, what should the sidebending and rotation be of L5?
SRRL
