Approach to GU Complaint Flashcards
what is the average age of puberty in females? in males?
females: 10-14 years; males: 11-16 years
what stage of thelarche does menarche usually start?
stage 3 or 4
when do pubic hair and size of penis start?
from 9-13.5 years
to be more thorough about a patient’s OB history what can you expand and how?
you can expand on para: TPAL: term delivers; preterm deliveries; abortion; live births
what is a pap smear?
a cytology test to help screen for cervical cancer
what is 99% of cervical cancer due to?
high risk HPV strains
what is the most common area of precancerous lesions and cancers in the cervix?
the transformation zone
what is the classic presentation of an ectopic pregnancy?
abdominal or pelvic pain with vaginal bleeding; other pregnancy related symptoms
if you are suspecting an ectopic pregnancy and the patient is confirmed pregnant, what should you order?
a transvaginal ultrasonography
what should you always do if you suspect ectopic pregnancy?
ALWAYS DO A PREGNANCY TEST
what is the classic presentation of a UTI?
dysuria, urinary frequency, urinary urgency, suprapubic pain
what is the most common cause of a UTI?
E. coli
what demographic is testicular cancer most commonly found?
younger males; therefore it is important that they know how to perform a self testicular exam
what is the classic presentation of an inguinal hernia?
pain with increased intra-abdominal pressure; may have palpable bulge on affected side
What are the three bacterial STIs we discussed?
chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis
what are the two viral STIs we discussed?
herpes simplex 2 and HPV
what is a key treatment for STIs?
behavioral counseling
what is a male presentation with gonorrhea?
penile discharge and dysuria; or could be asymptomatic
what is a female presentation with gonorrhea?
pelvic pain or mucopurulent vaginal discharge
what is a female presentation with chlamydia?
vaginal discharge, vaginal bleeding, or pain with intercourse
which sti can cause conjunctival infections?
chlamydia
what are the stages of syphilis?
primary, secondary, latent phase, tertiary
what is the presentation with primary syphilis?
chancre (a painless genital ulcer)
what is the presentation with secondary syphilis?
joint pains, fatigue, enlarged lymph nodes, mucopapular rash
what is the presentation with latent phase syphilis?
asymptomatic
what is the presentation with tertiary syphilis?
neurosyphilis- confusion, headache, stiff neck, vision loss
what is the classical presentation of genital herpes?
single or clusters of water-filled vesicles on the genitalia; may have a burning tingling pain prior to the vesicle appearance
what is the classical presentation of HPV?
genital warts
