Autonomics and Chapman Points Flashcards
where do the mechanoreceptors go through?
layer 3 and 4
where do the fast pain fibers (A-delta) go through?
layers 1 and 5
where do the small slow C fibers go through?
layer 2
what part of the spinal cord gray matter do the afferents from the body synapse?
the upper layers (layer 1-6)
where are the interneurons and the motorneuron cell bodies found?
in the lower layers of the spinal cord gray matter
interneurons receive inputs from where?
both visceral and somatic afferents
the visceral afferents activate what?
both the sympathetic and somatic outflows
how can a visceral issue create a joint dysfunction?
because of its activation of a somatic pathway
what is the facilitated segment concept?
constant afferent barrage by injured somatic or visceral structures would lead to segmental excitation
what is sensitization?
the process of increasing response of a neural pathway with repetitive stimulation
what is habituation?
the process of decreasing response of a neural pathway with a continuous stimulation
what is facilitation?
maintenance of a pool of neurons in a state of subthreshold excitation (so less afferent stimulation is required to trigger the discharge of impulses)
what could cause facilitation?
aberrant patterns of afferent input
what is allostasis?
the response to stress in attempt to regain homeostasis
what are two examples of a somatosomatic reflex?
withdrawl response and the myotatic response
what is an example of a viscerovisceral reflex?
the gastrocolic reflex- when you eat, you poop
what is the somatocardiac reflex?
pain results in increased heart rate and blood pressure
what is the somatogastric reflex?
activity results in inhibition of peristalsis in the stomach
what is the somatoadrenal reflex?
pain results in the release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla
what is viscerosomatic reflexes?
somatic pain referral due to visceral pain
what are chapman points reflections of?
visceral dysfunction or disease
what are the 3 component characteristics of chapman points?
they are viscerosomatic reflexes, they are manifested by gangliform contraction, and they are a series of consistent anterior and posterior points
what is the pain that is produced by palpation of a chapman point like?
pinpoint, sharp and non-radiating
what is a common treatment technique used for chapman point?
rotatory stimulation
when should you screen for chapman points?
because treatment may affect these points, it is important to screen prior to any preparatory or other OMT
