SAC 1A - MOTIVATION THEORIES

Question 1

What is MASLOW’S theory of motivation?

Answer 1

Maslow’s theory of motivation is the idea that all people have needs to be satisfied, and people will work towards satisfying those needs. His theory of motivation arranges people’s needs according to their importance, this is called the hierarchy of needs. Basically once an employee has had a need satisfied then a need of a higher degree will motivate them again.

Question 2

What is HERZBERG’S two-factor theory?

Answer 2

HERZBERG’S theory is also known as the motivation-hygiene. It is the idea that two separate sets of factors cause satisfaction and motivation in employees. Hygiene factors refers to the environment of which people work. It includes pay, working conditions etc, but they do not motivate alone. Motivation factors relate to a persons type of work and their achievements. The point behind the theory is that if hygiene factors are met or put in place so that they satisfy people’s needs then the motivating factors will motivate employees in the long term.

Question 3

What is LOCKES goal-setting theory of motivation?

Answer 3

LOCKE’S goal-setting theory suggests that employees are motivated when they are challenged with specific, clear goals and given feedback regarding their achievements. By having specific, clear and challenging goals for employees to work toward it will increase motivation and performance.

Question 4

What is motivation?

Answer 4

Motivation refers to the individual, internal process that directs, energises and sustains a person’s behaviour. Motivating employees is one of the most important management functions because high level of motivation will result in an increase in productivity.

Question 5

What are the levels of needs in MASLOW’S hierarchy of needs?

Answer 5

> Physiological needs ( food, shelter)
> Safety and security needs 
> Social needs 
> Self esteem needs
> Self-actualisation needs

Question 6

What are some hygiene factors in HERZBERG’S theory?

Answer 6

> Supervision
> Working conditions
> Job security 
> Pay
> Policies and procedures

Question 7

What are some motivation factors in HERZBERG’S theory?

Answer 7

> Achievement
> Recognition
> Personal development
> Advancement 
> Stimulating work
> Responsibility

Question 8

What are the three theories of motivation?

Answer 8

> Robert MASLOW’S motivation theory
Fredrick HERZBERG’S two-factor theory
Edwin LOCKE’S goal setting theory

Question 9

What are extrinsic needs?

Answer 9

Extrinsic needs are the factors outside of a person if you’d like, it refers to the things an employee may receive. Such as; good pay or good working conditions.

Question 10

What are intrinsic needs?

Answer 10

Intrinsic needs are things that employees may aim to achieve or receive inside, it is for personally fulfilment/ satisfaction. Such as; recognition for good progress and self esteem fro praise.