SAC 1 Flashcards
Physical Health and Wellbeing
lates to the functioning of the body and its systems, it includes the physical capacity to perform daily activities or tasks.
Social Health and Wellbeing
relates to the ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships with others and the ability to manage or adapt appropriately to different social situations.
Emotional health and wellbeing
Emotional health is about managing and expressing emotions positively, as well as displaying resilience.
Mental Health and Wellbeing
is the current state of well-being relating to the mind or brain and it relates to the ability to think and process information.
Spiritual health and wellbeing
relates to ideas, beliefs, values and ethics. Spiritual health includes the concepts of hope, peace, a guiding sense of meaning or value, and reflection on your place in the world.
INCOME - Individual perspective
Increases ability to afford resources such as health care, recreation, transport and education. All of these promote health and wellbeing.
INCOME – Population perspective
Promotes capacity of governments to provide social services and resources such as public housing, education, health care, social security, infrastructure, recreation facilities, law and order.
Stable Ecosystem
Ecosystem – a community that consists of all living and non living components of a particular area.
A stable ecosystem occurs when there is balance achieved between the environment and the species that live in the environment. A stable ecosystem promotes health and wellbeing.
Sustainable Resources
Social Justice
Social justice means that all people are treated fairly, including women and girls in both their private and public life. The underlying theme is equal rights for all, regardless of personal traits such as class, sex, income, ethnicity, religion, age or sexual orientation.
Equity
Relates to fairness and social justice.
It means there should be minimum levels of income and resources that all people have access to. Governments should put policy into place to ensure no one is disadvantaged in their ability to access these resources.
LIFE EXPECTANCY
An indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.
Health Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE)
It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live, based on current rates of ill health and mortality.
MORTALITY
Refers to death, often at a population level.
INFANT MORTALITY –
the death of a child between birth and their first birthday.
INFANT MORTALITY RATES –
the rate of deaths of infants between birth and their first birthday, usually expressed per 1000 live births.
UNDER 5 MORTALITY
the death of a child under 5 years of age.
UNDER 5 MORTALITY RATE
the rate of deaths occurring in children under 5 years of age per 1000 live births.
MATERNAL MORTALITY
death of a mother caused by pregnancy, childbirth or within six weeks of delivery.
MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO
the number of mothers who die as a result of pregnancy or childbirth per 100 000 live births.
MORBIDITY
Refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a population or group.
INCIDENCE
The number of new cases of a condition during a given period of time.
PREVALENCE
The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.
BURDEN OF DISEASE –
measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measure in a unit called the DALY.
1 DALY
disability adjusted life expectancy
Burden of Disease in Australia
Australia’s health status is amongst the highest in the world.
For some diseases incidence and prevalence has increased –
Noncommunicable lifestyle diseases are still on ithe ncrease.
Health and Wellbeing
The state of a person’s physical, social, emotional, mental and spiritual existence and is characterised by an equilibrium in which the individual feels happy, healthy, capable and engaged.
Health and Wellbeing - Dynamic
Health & Wellbeing experienced by an individual is dynamic - meaning it is constantly changing.
Health and Wellbeing - Subjective
H&W is viewed in many different ways - therefore said to be subjective.
Illness:
a more subjective concept related to personal experience of a disease.
Disease:
a physical or mental disturbance involving symptoms, dysfunction or tissue damage
Illness is dynamic
because it changes constantly as a person experiences disease or injury. They can be rapid and obvious change or gradual and more difficult to notice.
Illness is subjective -
relates to how people experience diseases and injuries, not how they feel about them.
Physical Health and Wellebing Dimensions
- Healthy Body weight
- Well functioning body, systems, and organs
- optimal blood pressure
- Appropriate levels of fitness
- Physical capacity to pefrom daily tasks
- Optimal levels of energy
- Absense of disease, illness and injury
Social health and wellbeing dimensions
- a supportive network of friends
- supportive and well-functioning family
- ability to manage or adapt to different social situations
- effective communication with others
- Productive relationships with others
emotional health and wellbeing dimensions
- have a high level of resilience
- experience appropriate emotions in given scenarios
- effectively express and manage emotional actions and reactions
- recognise and understand emotional actions and reactions
Mental Health and wellbeing dimensions
- low levels of stress and anxiety
- optimal self esteem
- ability to think and process info
- high levels of confidence
- use logic and reasoning to form opinions and make decisions
- positive thought patterns
Spiritual health and wellbeing dimesions
- a sense of belong and connection to the world
- positive meaning, place and purpose
- peace and hope
- Developed personal values and beliefs
- Acting according to values and beliefs
Optimal Health and wellbeing
is the highest levels of health and wellbeing an individual can realistically attain
Health status
individual’s or a population’s overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors.
