Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Moving Exam 1 GO LOOK AT THE OTHER ONE > SA Orthopedics > Flashcards

SA Orthopedics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the defining features of synovial joints?

A

Joint capsule

Joint cavity (containing synovial fluid)

Articular cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the general characteristics of synovial joints?

A

Provide the greatest range of motions

Diarthrosis: joint that can move freely in various planes

Function to facilitate motility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the defining features of cartilaginous joints?

A

Little to no movement

Joined by cartilage= synchondroses

Joined by hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage or a combination

Made mostly of cartilage but has some fibrous

Can change with age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the two subtypes of cartilaginous joints?

A

Hayline cartilage
Fibrocartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the difference between Hayline cartilage and Fibrocartilage?

A

Hayline is temporary
Fibrocartilage is permanent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the general characteristics of fibrous joints?

A

Little to no movement

Made of collagen

No cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 3 subtypes of fibrous joints?

A

Suture
Syndesmosis
Gomphosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a suture joint?

A

Junction between flat bones
little movement
often transitory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a syndesmosis joint?

A

contiguous boney surfaces connected by an interosseous ligament
large amount of connective tissue present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is gomphosis?

A

Only joint that does not connect 2 bones
The teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the structure of a synovial joint.

A

Two layered joint capsule with a outer fibrous joint capsule (the membrane) and an innter synovial membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the fibrous joint capsules function and what is it made of?

A

Provides support/stability
Type 1 collagen & some elastin
Proteoglycans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of proteoglycans?

A

Provides hydration and swelling pressure to the tissue enabling it to withstand compressional forces.

Draws & hold water
viscoelasticity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the inner synovial membrane function and what is it made of?

A

Produces synovial fluid & it is made of intimal layer and subintimal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What makes up the intimal layer of the synovial membrane?

A

Synovial A cells (phagocytosis/pinocytosis)
Synovial B cells (protein secretion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What makes up the subintimal layer of the synovial membrane?

A

Fibrous, areolar & fatty tissue
blood supply
innnervation

17
Q

What are the components of a synovial joint?

A

Fibrous joint capsule
Synovial membrane
Muscle & tendon
Synovial fluid
Hayline carilage
Ligament
Collagen
Proteoglycans
Aggercan
Chondrocytes

18
Q

What is the function of Hayline cartilage?

A

Withstand compressive forces
Provide a low friction surface for articulation
Made of 70% water

19
Q

What is the function of ligaments?

A

joints bones

20
Q

What is the function of collagen?

A

Protein
Interlocking loops
Isotropic
Structural support

21
Q

What is the function of aggercan?

A

Hydrated gel structure allowing for load bearing

22
Q

What is the function of chondrocytes?

A

Mesenchymal cells
Produce & maintain the extracellular matrix

23
Q

What is the pathogenesis for osteoarthritis?

A

trauma to the joint
loss of cartilage
Fibrillation
erosion & ulceration
inflammation of the synovium
Fibrosis of the joint capsule

24
Q

What are the clinical signs for osteoarthritis?

A

Pain, crepitus, reduced range of motion, joint effusion
Radiographs (osteophytosis, sclerosis, joint effusion)
Joint fluid analysis

25
Q

Describe how to diagnose osteoarthritis.

A

Osteophytosis, sclerosis and joint effution (Radiographs)

Joint fluid analysis with nucleated cells greater than 3,000 in dogs and greater than 1,000 in cats. RBCs great than 1,000. Total protein is greather than 2.5
Viscosity with less than 2cm strand

Smear of joint fluid that has high cellularity and majority neucleated

26
Q

What are treatment options for osteoarthritis?

A

Preventions
Exercise modification
Weight management
Pain relief
Nutraceuticals
Intraarticular therapies (injections directly into the joint)
Joint replacements

Moving Exam 1 GO LOOK AT THE OTHER ONE (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions