SA 3 Flashcards
what is estrogen responsive urinary incontinence? who is it common in, and how do these animals often present?
happens in spayed dogs where they experience urinary incontinence. E2 increases affinity of the receptors in the urinary sphincter to their neurotransmitter and the response of these receptors is decreased after a spay
often present with lower UTI
usually older than 3 years and common in bigger dogs like boxers
how do you treat urinary incontinence in spayed dogs?
proin: an adrenergic agonist which increases urehtral tone
incurin: a weak natural estrogen
when does cystic endometrial hyperplasia happen? is this disease reversible?
after estrus in the luteal phase usually, usually triggered by repeated exposure to progesterone in diestrus. this disease is reversbile if progesterone is removed
how are cycstic endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra related?
pyometra is due to prolonged estrogen exposure which causes endometrial hyperplasia and an open cervix
CEH is caused by prolonged progesterone exposure causing an increase in secretory function of the endometrium
apparently they cause each other I have no idea why, maybe check path notes from last year
how can iatrogenic pyometra happen?
giving progestins to suppress ovulation but at the wrong time in the cycle
common clinical signs of pyometra? bacteria often involved?
PUPD, systemic illness
E coli–>endotoxin release
differences in clinical signs, open vs closed pyometra?
open: vaginal discharge, dog is pretty OK not too sick
closed: no vag discharge, lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, PUPD, high WBC left shift, BUN elevated
what is the treatment of choice for pyometra?
spay and then antibiotics for at least a week
how do you do medical treatment of pyometra?
the goal is to get rid of progesterone and allow cervical relaxation and uterine contraction
so, can give prostaglandin like dinoprost (kills the CL, no more progesterone) but dont use this for closed pyo
can also give an antiprogestin or antiprolactin drugs
what is the definition of an ovarian cyst in a dog
more than 8mm in diameter big
a dog named Mitsy comes to you and she is in tact, has bilateral hair loss on her flank, and lots of hot sexy male dogs have been really into her recently. what are ya thinkin doc? what are you worried about? differential? how will you treat Mitsy?
im thinkin follicular cysts are possible–>granulosa cells produce estrogen which causes hair loss billaterally. I am worried about bone marrow toxicity! differential could be ovarian neoplasia
tx: spay her or induce lutenization of the cysts using gnrh (LH)
what is ovarian remnant syndrome?
when you don’t take out all the ovarian tissue during a spay and can cause estrus and even false pregnancy after the spay! can even cause bloody discharge (since she’s cycling!!)
differentials for a spayed dog having bloody vaginal discharge?
ovarian remnmant syndrome, trauma, coagulopathy, neoplasia, exogenous estrogen
a dog named Boon comes to you and you spayed her a while back. Now she presents with bloody vulvar discharge and she seems to be in estrus and displaying estrus behavior. what are ya thinking and how will you diagnose her? treatment?
I’m thinking ovarian remnant syndrome (yikes, we got a lawsuit)!
i would track her cycle and detect progesterone, and detect anti-mullerian hormone. if it’s more than 90, it means shes either in tact or theres ovarian remenants in there!
tx: gotta remove it w surgery (yikes I hope they dont sue you)
what causes vaginal prolapse and how do you fix it?
caused by an exaggerated response to estrogen during estrus, so to fix it you remove the estrogen stimulus! (either spay her or induce lutenization of her follicle that is making esotrgen)
you see a cat that looks like this. 2 things it could be?
mammary hyperplasia (either normal from pregnany or fibroepithelial hyperplasia), or mammary neoplasia (mammary carcinoma)
