S8 Synatx II

Question 1

basic ways of expressing grammatical relations 4

Answer 1

1. inflection
2. free grammatical morphemes
3. word order
4. intonation

Question 2

clause

Answer 2

smallest grammatical unit that contains at least a subject and a verb; subject-predicate structure

Question 3

simple sentences

Answer 3

one clause only;
Emma went to university

Question 4

compound sentences

Answer 4

at least to main clauses
Emma went to university and her brother started a new job

Question 5

complex sentences

Answer 5

one/several main clauses and at least one subordinate clause

Question 6

forms of clauses:
finite clauses
non-finite clauses
verbless-clauses

Answer 6

• contains a finite verb (killed)
• contains a non-finite verb (tell)
• contains no active verb (should be used)

Question 7

nominal clauses

Answer 7

can take over functions of an NP; they can function as a subject
eg. MASTERING THIS TECHNIQUE is fun.

Question 8

relative clauses

Answer 8

are a part of NP, only relative clauses that add information have commas

Question 9

adverbial clauses

Answer 9

they provide information about time, place, manner, reason
eg. they left when he arrived.