S6- Obesity & Nutrition

Question 1

A) Define obesity

B)

Answer 1

A) an abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health

Question 2

Co-morbidities associated with obesity

Answer 2

• Heart disease
• stroke
• cancer
• liver disease
• depression and anxiety
• asthma
• sleep apnoea
• type 2 diabetes
• osteoarthritis back pain

Question 3

Real causes of obesity

Answer 3

• context of individual lives
• social and cultural pressures
  Etc

Question 4

What is the National Childhood Obesity Plan?

Answer 4

• Sugar reduction and further use of tax system
• Labelling
• Local communities
• Schools: physical activity, standards for school foods, vouchers
• Retail: ban promotions of food and drinks

Question 5

What are the tiers of obesity services?

Answer 5

1. Tier 1: Commissioned by local authority
   - For healthy population- prevention with cooking and eating sessions
2. Tier 2: Commissioned by local authority
   - weight management services
3. Tier 3: CCGs
   - specialist weight management services for people with severe and complex obesity—> dieticians and psychological support
   - gateway to tier 4
4. Tier 4: Commissioned by CCGs
   - Bariatric surgery
   - limited capacity

Question 6

Weight loss

Answer 6

• Diet in the short term but requires physical activity to be sustained
• Bariatric surgery: those with co-morbidities
• Pharmacological options for weight management

Question 7

What are the challenges of maintaining weight

Answer 7

• biology changes such as appetite-stimulating and satiety hormones, increase of interest in food
• that combined with environmental factors