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(2) Evaluation & Intervention of MSK Conditions 💪 > S3_L3: Knee > Flashcards

S3_L3: Knee Flashcards

1
Q

What is the action of the piriformis muscle beyond 90
degrees of hip flexion?

A

internal rotation

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2
Q

What is the arthrokinematics of the knee during OKC knee extension?

A

glides anteriorly

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3
Q

What is the direction of tibial rotation during
OKC knee extension?

A

Tibia goes to ER

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4
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Foot overpronation will lead to increase in Q-angle

A

TRUE

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5
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Weakness of the Hip Abductors does not affect the knee.

A

FALSE.

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6
Q

Forcibly rotating medially on a planted foot will injure the what structure?

A

Femur

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7
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: During resisted Open-Kinematic Chain (OKC) knee extension, tibial anterior translation increases during the terminal knee extension.

A

TRUE.

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8
Q

Which knee motion has a greater amount of LOM in knee OA?

A

Flexion

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9
Q

An abnormal Q-angle is also known as ____

A

knocked knee

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10
Q

What is the resting position of the knee?

A

25-30°

Clinical Practice: 20-30°

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11
Q

What is the unhappy triad?

A

anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), medial meniscus and tibial (medial) collateral ligament

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12
Q

the following are problems within the kinetic chain that may result to anterior knee pain, EXCEPT:

A. Femoral Anteversion
B. External Tibial Torsion
C. Foot Hypersupination
D. Genu Valgum
E. None

A

C. Foot Hypersupination

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: PTs may use dry needling as an intervention for PFP.

A

FALSE

Clinicians should not use dry needling for the
treatment of patients with PFP.

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14
Q

How many weeks until pts with central zone repair can have FWB?

A

6-8 Weeks

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15
Q

After meniscal repair, which kind of zone repair does not need protective bracing?

A

Peripheral Zone Repair

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16
Q

What is the passive insufficiency of the rectus femoris?

A

rotate pelvis posterior, extend the hip, and flex the knee

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17
Q

When the hip internally rotates, what motion will the knee have?

A

external rotation

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18
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: MAI may be done in the protection phase of knee OA.

A

True.

This is allowed as long as patient can tolerate it and has a wide range of movement.

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19
Q

Scenario: You asked your patient to perform a figure of 4 (dekwatro) position using his (L) leg and you noticed that the (L) leg was going upwards.

Using your knowledge in anatomy, what muscle is tight? Consider the laterality.

A

(L) Piriformis

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20
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Active insufficiency uses the principle of stretching.

A

False.

Passive insufficiency uses the principle of stretching.

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21
Q

What is the passive insufficiency of the quadriceps muscle?

A

Knee Flexion

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22
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: It is easier to reach passive insufficient for 2-jointed muscles as lesser range is needed, but it can be also weakened because of this.

A

True

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23
Q

To maximize force production, do not place a muscle in an _____ position

A

active insufficiency

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24
Q

What is the passive insufficiency of the iliopsoas muscle?

A

posterior tilt of pelvis & extend the hip

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25
Q

This muscle is the first to become weak or first to atrophy during injury

A

Vastus Medialis Obliquus (VMO)

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26
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) is recommended for patients with knee and/or hip OA.

A

FALSE

TENS is strongly recommended against patients with knee and/or hip OA.

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27
Q

This implant design is used in bicompartmental replacement

A

Semi-constrained

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28
Q

When a pt has ACL tear, what muscle must be strengthened to provide anterior stability?

A

Hamstring

NOTE: In PCL tear, the Quadriceps must be strengthened.

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29
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: When dealing with a knee injury, a PT must also give interventions for the hip, ankle, and foot.

A

True

30
Q

This is when one or both trochlea are flat

A

Dysplastic Trochlea

31
Q

The bones of the knee joint consist of the (1)______ with its two condyles, the (2)_____ with its two tibial plateaus,
and the large sesamoid bone in the quadriceps tendon, the (3)_____.

A
  1. distal femur
  2. proximal tibia
  3. patella

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 770

32
Q

What type of joint is the knee?

A

biaxial, modified hinge joint

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 770

33
Q

In general, anteroposterior stability is provided by the (1)_____ while mediolateral stability is provided by the (2)_____

A
  1. cruciate ligaments
  2. collateral ligaments

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 770

34
Q

What condyle contributes to the locking mechanism at the knee?

A

Medial Condyle

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 770

35
Q

In OKC movements of the knee, which direction does gliding happen?

A

Concave plateaus slide in the same direction

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 771

36
Q

In non-weight bearing extension the tibia rotates (1)____ on the femur, and with flexion it rotates (2)____.

A
  1. laterally
  2. medially

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 771

37
Q

This is the axial rotation that occurs between the femoral condyles and the tibia during the final degrees of extension is called the

A

Locking or screw-home mechanism

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 771

38
Q

What muscle unlocks the knee?

A

Popliteus

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 771

39
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The patella is not associated with extensor lag as the patellofemoral joint is not responsible in extending the knee

A

False

If patellar movement is restricted, it interferes with the range of knee flexion and may contribute to an extensor lag with active knee extension.

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 771

40
Q

The primary function of the patella is to increase the moment arm of the _____muscle in its function to extend the knee.

A

quadriceps

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 771

41
Q

The Q-angle is the angle formed by two intersecting lines: one from the (1)____ to the midpatella and the other from the (2)____ through the midpatella

A
  1. anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
  2. tibial tubercle

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 771

42
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: A normal Q-angle which tends to be greater in me and has a value of 15° to 20°.

A

False

A normal Q-angle tends to be greater in women than men and is between 10° to 15°.

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 771

43
Q

This is the prime mover for knee extension

A

quadriceps femoris

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 773

44
Q

What are the major nerves subject to knee injury?

A
  1. common fibular (peroneal) nerve (L2–L4)
  2. saphenous nerve (L2–L4)

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 775

45
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In the knee, articular cartilage destruction is more often apparent on the medial joint compartment than the lateral compartment.

A

TRUE

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 775

46
Q

What is the deformity commonly seen in the presence of OA?

A

Genu varum

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 775

47
Q

When there is effusion (swelling within the joint), what is often most comfortable for the patient?

A

near 25° of flexion

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 776

48
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Do not increase ROM unless the patient has sufficient strength to control the motion already available.

A

True

A mobile weight-bearing joint with inadequate muscle control causes impaired stability and makes lower extremity weight-bearing function difficult.

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 777

49
Q

A mobile-bearing knee design is recommended for
(1)____ patients , younger than (2)____ years of age.

A
  1. active
  2. 55 to 65

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 783

50
Q

The position of immobilization after primary TKA is in ____.

A

extension

NOTE: Although uncommon, an alternative approach is to immobilize the knee in a 90° flexion splint immediately after surgery

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 786

51
Q

In Post-op TKA, the ROM goal is to attain (1)____ for knee flexion and (2)____ for knee extension by the end of this first phase of rehabilitation.

A
  1. 90°
  2. full ROM for

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 787

52
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Full knee extension is not possible until joint swelling has subsided.

A

TRUE

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 787

53
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Avoid placing a pillow or rolled towel under the knee while lying supine or while seated with the operated leg elevated to reduce the risk of developing a knee flexion contracture.

A

TRUE

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 788

54
Q

Patellar instability is most often in what direction?

A

lateral

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 792

55
Q

This condition is when an embryological synovial tissue remnants or bands around the patella cause joint irritation during motion.

A

Plica syndrome

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 793

56
Q

______, also known as housemaid’s knee, can result from prolonged kneeling or recurrent minor trauma to the anterior knee.

A

Prepatellar bursitis

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 793

57
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Quadriceps inhibition is common with pain and joint effusion

A

TRUE

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 795

58
Q

Ligament injuries occur most frequently in individuals between ____ years of age during sport participation

A

20 and 40

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 805

59
Q

The _____ is the most commonly injured knee ligament.

A

ACL

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 805

60
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: More than one knee ligament is often damaged during a single injury episode.

A

TRUE

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 805

61
Q

This knee ligament is usually managed with only a conservative (nonsurgical) approach when injured.

A

MCL

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 808

62
Q

Define auto-graft

A

It is when the tissue used for intra-articular reconstructions is from the patient’s own tissue

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 811

63
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: A semitendinosus-gracilis
tendon graft’s strength and stiffness are greater than that of the native ACL.

A

TRUE

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 811

64
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: When a pt’s ACL is injured or torned, surgery is immediately indicated and performed.

A

False.

Surgery is typically delayed until acute symptoms have subsided.

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 817

65
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Simple squatting may cause a meniscus tear.

A

TRUE

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 824

66
Q

What special test may be positive in meniscal tear?

A

McMurray test or Apley’s compression/distraction test

Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed., page 824

67
Q

Determine whether the MOI presented is for what ligament:

  1. Dashboard injury
  2. Varus force on the knee
  3. Kick in the front of the knee
  4. Valgus moments
  5. Kick on the lateral part of the knee

A. Anterior Cruciate Ligament
B. Posterior Cruciate Ligament
C. Medial Collateral Ligament
D. Lateral Collateral Ligament

A
  1. B
  2. D
  3. B
  4. C
  5. A
68
Q

In terms of ROM, what is the criteria to progress from maximum to moderate protection phase?

A

✔ ~100-110 degrees of flexion
✔ Full active extension (no extensor lag)

69
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Clinicians should not prescribe patellofemoral knee orthoses, including braces, sleeves, or straps, for patients with PFP.

A

True

70
Q

3 common MOI of PCL injury?

A
  1. Dashboard/ anterior injury mechanism
  2. Fall on flexed knee c PF foot
  3. Sudden violent hyperflexion

(2) Evaluation & Intervention of MSK Conditions 💪 (14 decks)

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