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(2) Evaluation & Intervention of MSK Conditions 💪 > S1_L1-2: Principles Of Intervention & Exercise Prescription > Flashcards

S1_L1-2: Principles Of Intervention & Exercise Prescription Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 signs of inflammation

A
  1. Pain at rest
  2. Swelling (tumor)
  3. Redness (rubor)
  4. Heat (calor)
  5. Loss of function
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2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Local endurance is the ability of a muscle to resist fatigue over an extended period of time.

A

True.

Note: muscle endurance is otherwise known as local endurance.

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 168

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3
Q

A continuous source of information that provides knowledge of power and result as a person performs routine activities or tries to learn motor skills.

A

Intrinsic feedback

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4
Q

Muscle (1)___ exercises are used during subacute phases because (2)___ muscle fibers are the first to atrophy when there is joint swelling, trauma, or immobilization.

A
  1. Endurance
  2. Slow-twitch

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 328

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5
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The lower extremity musculature of the patient must have a muscle grade of 4 and above to stop the use of assistive devices for ambulation.

A

True.

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 331

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: When a patient has a chronic inflammation, the physical therapist must treat it as an acute inflammation.

A

True.

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 332

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7
Q

Stage/phase wherein there is an observable reduction in wound size.

A

Chronic stage

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 329

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: When ROM progressively decreases in subacute phase, the intensity of exercises must be increased.

A

False.

Clinically, this shows that chronic inflammation has developed and intensity of exercise must be decreased to prevent the retracting scar to become more limiting.

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 328

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9
Q

To initiate active exercises and stretching, a patient must manifest (1)___, (2)___, & (3)___.

A
  1. Decreased swelling
  2. Pain that is no longer constant
  3. Pain that is not exacerbated by motion in the available range

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 327

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10
Q

If there is a muscle damage or injury, the setting techniques are done with the muscle in the (1)___ position to help maintain mobility of the actin-myosin filament without stressing the breached tissue.

A
  1. Shortened

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 326

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The network of fibril formation is initially random.

A

True

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 324

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12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: To influence the development of an organized scar begin treatment during the acute stage using passive movements.

A

True.

Source: Kisner, 2018, 7th ed. Page 324

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: If a rupture or tear is complete, stretching or contraction of a muscle does not cause pain.

A

True.

Reason: The muscle does not pull against the injury (Kisner, 2018, 7th ed)

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14
Q

A muscle must be challenged to perform at a level greater than that to which it is accustomed to.

A

Overload Principle

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15
Q

What does FITT-VP stand for

A

Frequency
Intensity
Time (duration)
Type (mode)
Volume (amount)
Progression

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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The physical therapist must teach the stressful exercises first to ensure that the patient will have a good amount of time to practice it before leaving the PT session.

A

False. The easiest and least complicated exercises are taught first.

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17
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Augmented feedback may come from tactile cues

A

True.

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18
Q

A type of feedback that comes from all of the sensory systems of the learner.

A

Intrinsic feedback

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19
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The physical therapist should ensure that the amount of exercise given at a clinic is equal to the amount of exercise given to a patient on their home exercise program.

A

False.

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20
Q

Refers to the carryover of training effects from the variation of exercise or take to another.

A

Transfer of Training

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21
Q

Muscles hypertrophy with exercise and atrophy with disuse.

A

Principle of Reversibility

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22
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Neural regulation may cause individual variation

A

True.

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23
Q

Every individual have a different response to exercise programs.

A

Principle of Individuality

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24
Q

An individual who engages in PT exercises without a diagnosed movement dysfunction.

A

Client

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25
Small injuries heal with (1)___ while large injureis heal with (2)___.
1. Muscle tissue 2. Scar tissue
26
TRUE OR FALSE: In ligamental injuries, surgical intervention is dependent on the patient's goal and instability experienced.
True.
27
A type of fracture where a bone is floating between 2 broken segments.
Segmental
28
Callus formation is slower in (1)____ and faster in (2)___
1. Geriatric patients 2. Pediatric patients
29
TRUE OR FALSE: Presence of callus formation allows mobilization.
True.
30
A classification of nerve injury that has loss of axonal continuity.
Axonotmesis
31
TRUE OR FALSE: Type III nerve injury will have a complete recovery.
False.
32
TRUE OR FALSE: Stretching may be done when treating a condition on it's protection phase
False.
33
TRUE OR FALSE: There is no muscle atrophy in a neuropraxia kind of nerve injury
True.
34
Cause of Neurotmesis
1. Gunshot wound 2. Stab wounds 3. Avulsion rupture
35
TRUE OR FALSE: Chemicals have the capacity to directly injure nerves.
False.
36
5 Healing Process of Bone Fracture
1. Hematoma Formation 2. Cellular Proliferation 3. Callus Formation 4. Ossification 5. Consolidation and Remodeling
37
Skeletal muscle have a high risk for injury in the area of the ___.
Myotendinous junction
38
TRUE OR FALSE: Healing of bone fracture begins during callus formation.
True.
39
An avulsion fracture is classified as a ____ fracture.
segmental
40
The reaction stage lasts about ___.
4-6 days
41
Stage of repair where signs of inflammation are expected to decrease.
Subacute stage
42
This stage of inflammation is characterized by synthesis and deposition if collagen.
Subacute stage
43
Stage where fibroblastic activity and granulation tissue development increase.
Subacute stage
44
___ is when an injured tissue is stressed beyond its repair.
Chronic inflammation
45
Exudation of cells and chemicals happens at the ___ stage
Acute
46
TRUE OR FALSE: In the subacute stage, tissues are very fragile and easily injured.
True.
47
Pain after tissue resistance is a clinical sign of a ___ stage of Inflammation.
Chronic
48
TRUE OR FALSE: Joint effusion is an impairment that happens in the chronic stage of inflammation.
False. Reason: accumulated of fluid happens on the acute stage
49
A cross-sectional rupture is classified as grade ___ or ____ muscle injury.
III or severe
50
3 healing process of muscle injuries
1. Destruction phase 2. Repair phase 3. Remodelling phase
51
Phagocytosis of necrotic tissue happens on what healing process of muscle injury?
Repair phase
52
4 healing process of tendinous injuries
1. Inflammatory phase 2. Proliferative repair phase 3. Remodeling phase 4. Scar formation phase
53
What phase does the correct of faulty biomechanic and compensatory posture happen in tendinous injuries?
Proliferative repair phase
54
TRUE OR FALSE: Prolonged immobilization must be done during tendinous injuries.
False. It must be avoided.
55
3 phases of healing for ligamental injuries.
1. Inflammatory 2. Regenerative 3. Remodeling
56
TRUE OR FALSE: A communited bone fracture is when a bone breaks into many pieces.
True.
57
TRUE OR FALSE: Immobilization is required until callus formation is seen in bone fractures.
True.
58
TRUE OR FALSE: There is a lack of blood supple to the cartilage. This greatly impedes it's regenerative capabilities.
True.
59
TRUE OR FALSE: Cartilages are capable of generating pain.
False. They are aneural.
60
TRUE OR FALSE: Radiation can directly injure a nerve.
True.
61
In cases of axonotmesis and neurotmesis, there is a (1)___ degeneration (2)___ to the lesion
1. Wallerian 2. Distal
62
In Sunderland's classification of nerve injury, type IV happens when there is a disruption of the (1)__, (2)___, & (3)___.
1. Axon 2. Endoneurium 3. Perineum
63
TRUE OR FALSE: In controlled motion phase of rehabilitation, the use of Gr. 3 sustained or Gr. 3-4 oscillations are recommended for stretching exercises.
True.
64
TRUE OR FALSE: Perceptual training is a kind of therapeutic exercise that a physical therapist may perform on his patient.
True.
65
TRUE OR FALSE: Tranfers of training may occur from an exercised limb to a non-exercise or contralateral limb in a resistance training program
True.
66
Optimal frequency of training is generally ___ days per week.
3-4
67
TRUE OR FALSE: In progression, (1) ___ must be increased first, followed by the (2) ____, then the (3) ____.
1. Time 2. Frequency 3. Intensity
68
(1) ___ is dependent on the feedback on the quality of motion
Knowledge of Performance
69
TRUE OR FALSE: In inflammatory phase of ligamental injury, deposition of ground substance and disorganized collagen fibers happen.
True.
70
TRUE OR FALSE: In scar formation phase of tendon injuries, tendon metabolism and vascularity declines.
True.
71
TRUE OR FALSE: The physical therapist must focus on retaining and re-education of nerve in its chronic phase.
False. Training on compensatory techniques must be focused on the chronic stage while retraining and re-education must be focused on the recovery phase.
72
At what muscle healing phase does fibrin and fibronectin form early linkage to prove support against contraction
Destruction phase
73
What healing phase of tendinous does induction of fibrous repair happen?
Remodeling phase
74
TRUE OR FALSE: Overuse is not a factor that can cause bone fracture.
False.

(2) Evaluation & Intervention of MSK Conditions 💪 (14 decks)

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