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(2) Evaluation & Intervention of MSK Conditions 💪 > S1_L5: Resistance Exercises > Flashcards

S1_L5: Resistance Exercises Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 4 contraindications for strengthening and power exercises.

A
  1. Uncontrolled angina
  2. Uncontrolled hypertension
  3. Uncontrolled dysrhythmias
  4. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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2
Q

Muscle performance can be measured using the following parameters:

A
  1. strength
  2. endurance
  3. power
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3
Q

Maximum power occurs at approximately ____ of maximum velocity

A

1/3

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4
Q

Synergists acts as a _____ when it prevents an undesired
action from one of the movers

A

neutralizers

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5
Q

____ is the product of force and velocity

A

Mechanical power

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6
Q

If pain is present (1)___ resistance of the end-feel, the pt’s symptoms are considered irritable. If pain occurs (2)___ resistance, the pt’s symptoms are not
considered irritable

A
  1. before
  2. after
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7
Q

(1)____ repetitions must be done per exercise for three sets with a recovery period between sets of (2)___ seconds

A
  1. 8-12
  2. 60-90
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8
Q

Name the 3 contraindications to resistance exercise

A
  1. Pain
  2. Inflammation
  3. Severe cardiopulmonary disease

Source: Kisner and Colby 7th ed., Page 207

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9
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Rest period for muscular hypertrophy must be less than 30 seconds.

A

False.

It must be between 60-90 seconds.

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10
Q

The ____ is commonly used to determine a patient’s RPE

A

Borg Scale

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11
Q

___ periodization is characterized by high initial training volume and low intensity.

A
  1. Classic
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12
Q

The ____ is the maximum number of reps an individual can perform at a given weight

A

repetition maximum

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: A physical therapist may prescribe more than 5 sets for his patient’s exercise.

A

False.

No more than 3-5 sets are used.

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14
Q

(1)____ muscles, which uses slow-twitch fibers, function as (2)____ muscles. (3)____ muscles, which uses fast-twitch fibers, function as (4)____ muscles.

A
  1. Tonic
  2. Endurance
  3. Phasic
  4. Power
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15
Q

Enumerate the 7 S/Sx of overtraining.

A
  1. Loss of appetite
  2. Inability to sleep
  3. Lethargy
  4. Muscle soreness (most common)
  5. Chronic fatigue
  6. Declining performance
  7. Altered metabolism
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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: DOMS appears 24-56 hours after the exercise bout.

A

True

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17
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Pt is likely to experience DOMS when performing eccentric exercises

A

True

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18
Q

What is the hardest type of muscle contraction to perform for an individual?

A

Eccentric Contraction

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19
Q

____ exercises are designed to work against gravity

A

AROM

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20
Q

Formula to determine 1RM.

A

(weight lifted x # of reps x 0.03) + weight lifted

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21
Q

What does the 2x2 rule state?

A

Load should be increased if an individual can perform 2 or more reps over the assigned reps for that particular exercise over 2 consecutive workouts.

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22
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The key to isokinetic exercise is not the resistance but the speed at which the resistance can be moved.

A

True

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23
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In OKC, there is a balance of concentric and eccentric contractions.

A

False.

OKC mainly emphasizes concentric contraction.

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24
Q

___ is considered as the bridge between pure strength and sports-related exercises

A

Plyometrics

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25
___ kinematic chain provides functional recruitment and contractions.
Closed
26
The primary role of this exercise is to prevent atrophy and a subsequent decrease of the ligament, bone, and muscle strength
Isometric Exercise
27
TRUE OR FALSE: A 5–10-RM testing load is often recommended to estimate the 1-RM
True Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed.
28
The (1)____ is based on a rep maximum of 10 (10 RM) while the (2)____ reverses the percentage of maximum in the 3 sets
1. DeLorme program 2. Oxford technique
29
TRUE OR FALSE: Isometric exercises has no flexibility or cardiovascular fitness benefits
True
30
TRUE OR FALSE: A reduction in the time to peak force is seen as an adaptive change in strength training.
True
31
The purpose of the recovery phase is to restore the muscles in the body to pre-exercise levels through:
1. promotion of venous turn 2. removal of metabolites from muscle 3. reestablishment of fluid balance 4. replacement of depleted fuel energy reserves 5. relaxation in muscles that were active
32
How long must a rest period be for increasing muscular strength?
2-5 minutes
33
The most effective warm-up consists of both (1)___ and (2)___ exercises.
1. General 2. Specific
34
TRUE OR FALSE: Physical Therapists can manipulate muscles to lengthen them during exercises.
False. A muscle does not actually lengthen, it merely returns from its shortened position to its normal resting length
35
(1)___ develops during or directly after strenuous exercise performed to the point of muscle exhaustion and occurs from the inadequate blood flow and oxygenation, combined with a temporary build-up of metabolites such as (2) ____ and (3)____ in the exercised muscle.
1. Acute muscle soreness 2. Lactic acid 3. Potassium Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed.
36
The term (1)____, sometimes called (2)____, refers to progressive deterioration of strength in muscles already weakened by nonprogressive neuromuscular disease
1. Overwork 2. Overwork weakness Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed.
37
(1)___ is brought on by inadequate rest intervals between exercise sessions, too rapid progression of exercises, and inadequate diet and fluid intake
1. Overtraining Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed. page 204
38
During concentric exercise resistance is applied in the direction (1)____ to the desired motion, whereas during eccentric exercise resistance is applied in the (2)____ direction as the desired motion
1. directly opposite 2. same Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed. page 202
39
Exercise done when limb movement only occurs distal to the moving joint, and muscle activation occurs in the muscles that cross the moving joint.
open chain Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed. page 196
40
_____ exercises are said to emphasize joint compression and are considered more functional in nature than open kinetic chain exercises.
Closed kinetic chain Source: Kisner 7th ed. page 196
41
___ is the combination of sequentially arranged joints in which the terminal segment is free to move.
open kinetic chain
42
Isokinetic exercise is also called _____
accommodating resistance exercise Source: Kisner 7th ed. page 193
43
TRUE OR FALSE: concentric exercise has more mechanical efficiency than eccentric exercise
False Source: Kisner 7th ed. page 191
44
Concentric muscle contractions (1)___ body segments, whereas eccentric contractions (2)____body segments.
1.accelerate 2. decelerate
45
____ is an activity in which dynamic or static muscle contraction is resisted by an outside force applied manually or mechanically
Resistance exercise
46
The ____ principle is an extension of Wolff's law and refers to the concept that to improve a specific muscle performance element, the resistance program should be matched to that elements constructs
SAID
47
(1)____, also referred to as (2)_____, is a widely accepted concept suggesting that the adaptive effects of training, such as improvement of strength, power, and endurance, are highly specific to the training method employed.
1. Specificity of training 2. Specificity of exercise
48
(1)___ is an increase in the size of an individual muscle fiber caused by increased myofibrillar volume while (2)____ is an increased number of muscle fibers
1. Hypertrophy 2. Hyperplasia Source: Kisner 7th ed. page 177
49
The amount of resistance is also referred to as the (1)____ or (2)____—that is, the extent to which the muscle is loaded or how much weight is raised, lowered, or held.
1. Exercise load 2. Training load Source: Kisner 7th ed. page 179
50
2 reasons for determining a RM:
1. to identify an initial exercise load (amount of weight) to be used during exercise for a specified number of repetitions 2. to document a baseline measurement of the dynamic strength of a muscle or muscle group
51
TRUE OR FALSE: Use of a 1-RM as a baseline measurement of dynamic strength is inappropriate for some patient populations because one maximum effort may require an unsafe amount of exertion (e.g. pt's with osteoporosis or cardiovascular pathology)
TRUE
52
TRUE OR FALSE: There is an inverse relationship between the sets and repetitions of an exercise and the intensity of the resistance.
True
53
When injured muscles are immobilized, (1)____muscle fibers atrophy at a faster rate than (2)____ fibers.
1. type I (slow twitch) 2. type II (fast twitch)
54
TRUE OR FALSE: Power can be developed and improved by modifying the intensity and speed of training.
True
55
TRUE OR FALSE: Power exercises should be explosive or ballistic.
True
56
A predetermined number of consecutive repetitions grouped together is known as a ___ or ___ of exercise.
set or bout
57
After a beginning exercise load is selected, the target number of repetitions performed for each exercise before a brief rest is often within a range rather than an exact number of repetitions (e.g. complete an exercise between 8 and 10 repetitions against a specified load before resting) This gives the patient flexibility in their exercise program and is referred to as the ____.
RM zone Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed. page 107
58
These are muscle that contract statically against the effect of momentum and recoil in certain vigorous movements.
Stabilizers / Fixators
59
Basic function of muscles
Contraction
60
Eccentric contraction occurs when a muscle slowly (1)____ as it gives in to an external for that is (2)____ that the contractile force is exerting
1. Lengthens 2. Greater
61
TRUE OR FALSE: The type of exercises in a workout session determines what warm-ups should be done
True
62
A ____ divides training sessions into groupings, splitting upper and lower body exercises.
Split routine Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed.
63
A ____ exercise program is when strength training is divided into exercises in which the individual pushes a weight then pulls a weight.
Push & pull
64
TRUE OR FALSE: Fatigue may occur due to insufficient balance
True Source: Kisner & Colby 7th ed.
65
Type II muscles types are primarily innervated by ___
Anterior divisions of the nerve plexus
66
TRUE OR FALSE: Extensors, external rotators, and abductors are examples of tonic muscles
True
67
DOMS appears ___ hours after the exercise bout
24-56
68
TRUE OR FALSE: Eccentric exercises is indicated when a patient has mechanical joint pain
True
69
TRUE OR FALSE: The main principle of isokinetic exercises is that peak torque is inversely related to angular velocity
True Source: Kisner and Colby 7th ed.
70
Plyometrics is associated with the enhancement of the ability of muscle-tendon unit to produce maximal force in the shortest amount of time through activation of the ____
Myostatic reflex

(2) Evaluation & Intervention of MSK Conditions 💪 (14 decks)

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