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(2) Assistive Technology🦿 > S3_L1: UE Orthoses > Flashcards

S3_L1: UE Orthoses Flashcards

1
Q

Thermoplast Characteristic

  1. Thickness
  2. Shrinkage
  3. Moisture permeability and air exchange
  4. Flexibility, rigidity
  5. Heating & working time

A. Handling
B. Performance

A
  1. B
  2. A
  3. B
  4. B
  5. A
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2
Q

Anatomic Bars

  1. Immediately lateral to the thenar eminence and limits radial deviation
  2. At the level proximal to the PIP, distal to the MCP
  3. Immediate to the hypothenar eminence and serves as an anti-ulnar deviation component
  4. Located slightly proximal to the MCP heads

A. Metacarpal bar
B. Lumbrical bar
C. Opponens bar
D. Hypothenar bar

A
  1. C
  2. B
  3. D
  4. A
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3
Q

Basic Components of Static Splint

  1. Limits finger ABD/ADD
  2. Helps to maintain the functional position of the
    hand and length of the tissues. Also prevents soft tissue contracture
  3. Longitudinal & Horizontal cross bars
  4. Located between the thumb and 2nd digit
  5. Serves as a connection between the different parts of the splint
  6. Can be used for prehensile grasps of the hand

A. C-bar
B. Connector bar
C. Deviation bar

A
  1. C
  2. A
  3. B
  4. A
  5. B
  6. A
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4
Q

Basic Components of Static Splint

  1. Gutter that holds the forearm in place
  2. Rigid sleeve that limits thumb movement in any direction. It may or may not cover the whole thumb
  3. It holds fingers in place
  4. It limits extension or hyperextension
  5. It holds thumb in place

A. Forearm trough
B. Pan
C. Thumb trough
D. Dorsal Block Splint
E. Thumb post

A
  1. A
  2. E
  3. B
  4. D
  5. C
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5
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The abduction splint on the shoulder is indicated for pts w/ soft tissue repair (e.g. Bankart, SLAP repair)

A

True

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Airplane Splints are prescribed for pts w/ burns in the axillary area

A

True

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7
Q

Basic Components of Dynamic Splint

  1. It reinforces the outrigger
  2. Serve as the hammock to catch the digit and facilitate movement
  3. Glues the hook to the fingernails where the wire is attached
  4. It provides better leverage for the elastics to work
    its function on the hand

A. Fingernail attachments
B. Outrigger
C. Reinforcement bar
D. Finger cuff

A
  1. C
  2. D
  3. A
  4. B
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8
Q

Dynamic Assist

  1. Depending on the position, it assists flexion and extension
  2. It is attached to the outrigger for recoil
  3. It allows for flexion and extension of MCP

A. Elastic bands
B. Springwire knuckle bender
C. Springwire coils

A
  1. C
  2. A
  3. B
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9
Q

Determine which dynamic splint is most appropriate for the ff indications

  1. Ulnar nerve lesion
  2. Weak or paralyzed wrist extensors
  3. Paralysis of wrist, MCP, finger extensors
  4. C6 quadriplegia with gr 3/5 strength of wrist extensors
  5. Facial and perioral burns

A. Anti-microstomial Splint
B. Tenodesis Training Splint
C. Dynamic Ulnar Nerve Splint
D. Dynamic Wrist Extension Splint
E. Dynamic Finger Extension Splint

A
  1. C
  2. D
  3. E
  4. B
  5. A
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10
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome

  1. Severe median nerve
    compression, acute conditions
  2. May press onto the median nerve which impedes healing
  3. Mild CTS and pts who underwent CTS surgery
  4. Prevents wrist flexion and allows mobility of the
    fingers

A. Volar resting hand splint
B. Dorsal resting hand splint

A
  1. B
  2. A
  3. A
  4. B
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11
Q
  1. Interferes with tactile
    sensibility on the palmar surface of the hand
  2. Contraindicated in Active MCP synovitis and joint inflammation
  3. Better tolerated by edematous hand
  4. Stronger mechanical support of wrist and freeing up some of the palmar surface for sensory input

A. Dorsal wrist cock-up splint
B. Volar wrist cock-up splint

A
  1. B
  2. B
  3. A
  4. A
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12
Q

Determine which position is appropriate for the ff conditions

  1. Volar splint with the
    wrist in a neutral or
    slightly extended
    position
  2. Volar, dorsal, or ulnar gutter splint with the wrist in a neutral
    position
  3. Volar or dorsal with wrist in 0 to 30º in extension
  4. Volar with 20-30º of wrist hand

A. Wrist extensor tendinitis
B. Carpal tunnel release surgery
C. Radial nerve palsy
D. CTS

A
  1. B
  2. D
  3. C
  4. A
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13
Q

Determine which position is appropriate for the ff conditions

  1. Volar, in extension as
    tolerated by patient
  2. Volar, in extension up to 30º based on
    patient tolerance
  3. Volar, 0 to 15º in extension
  4. Volar with maximum
    passive extension that
    the patient can tolerate (up to 30º)

A. Rheumatoid arthritis
B. Reflex Sympathetic
Dystrophy
C. Wrist joint synovitis or tenosynovitis
D. Colle’s fracture (closed reduction)

A
  1. B
  2. A
  3. C
  4. D
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14
Q

Traditional Short Opponens Orthosis

  1. Maintain the web space between the
    thumb and the other
    fingers
  2. Positions
    thumb opposite the fingers for gross grasp and fine motor pinch
  3. Volar component which it is cloth and cotton

A. Opponens bar
B. C-bar
C. Volar resting hand splint

A
  1. B
  2. A
  3. C
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15
Q

It is recommended for radial nerve palsy as there is no danger of compressing the
radial nerve since the
nerve is at the dorsal
portion.

A

Volar wrist flexion control orthosis / volar cock-up splint

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16
Q

Determine the MCP Position for the ff conditions

  1. 60-80 degrees of
    flexion
  2. 15-20 degrees
    flexion and 5-10 degrees
    ulnar deviation
  3. 70-90 degrees of
    flexion

A. RA
B. Trauma/Crush injuries
C. Burns

A
  1. B
  2. A
  3. C
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17
Q

Determine the thumb position of the ff conditions

  1. position of comfort in between radial and palmar abduction
  2. palmar abduction
  3. palmar abduction and extension

A. Trauma/crush injuries
B. RA
C. Burns

A
  1. B
  2. C
  3. A
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18
Q

Determine the positions of the ff conditions

  1. Wrist in 15 degrees of
    extension
  2. Thumb CMC: palmar
    abduction 45 degrees or
    midway between radial
    and palmar abduction
    depending on patient’s
    tolerance
  3. MCP: immobilized & Thumb CMC: palmarly abducted 25 to 30 degrees
  4. PIPs and DIPs in full extension
  5. Thumb CMC: palmar
    abduction 40-45 degrees

A. Trauma/crush injuries
B. De Quervain’s
tenosynovitis
C. RA
D. Gamekeeper’s thumb

A
  1. B
  2. C
  3. D
  4. A
  5. B
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19
Q

Determine the positions of the ff conditions

  1. Thumb MCP: 5 to 10 degrees of flexion
  2. Thumb MCP: 5 degrees of flexion
  3. DIPs in full extension

A. Burns
B. De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
C. RA

A
  1. B
  2. C
  3. A
20
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: High intensity short term stretching promotes stiffness

A

True

21
Q

Physiologic considerations

  1. atrophy and weakness
  2. three degrees of gain in ROM per week, with a range of 1-10º
  3. shortened skin, tendons, and joint capsule
  4. fatigue, failure, injury

A. too great stretch
B. too little stretch
C. enough stretch

A
  1. B
  2. C
  3. B
  4. A
22
Q

It prevent contractures of lip and buccal tissues that may lead to limitation in oral opening, maintains mouth opening and angle of the mouth, and applies stretch to oral cavity tissues while permitting speech

A

Anti-microstomial splint

23
Q

What is the dynamic splint indicated for PIP flexion contracture, PIP dorsal dislocation, and Boutonniere deformity?

A

Capener splint

24
Q

It is a dynamic spring wire splint for PIP extension. It is used for cases of volar plate injury, flexor tendon repair with resulting PIP flexion contracture, and partial or complete tear of the collateral
ligament

A

Capener splint

25
Q

Guidelines for dynamic splinting
-The stretch should not be perceived as a “stretching”
force until at least (1)__ has passed
-Client should remain comfortable with the orthosis for up to (2)__
● After removal, the client should feel no more than
(3)__ or mild ache

A
  1. 1 hour
  2. 12 hours
  3. Stiffness
26
Q

It prevents shortening of the MCP collateral
ligaments, promotes active IP flexion, and passively flexes the 4th and 5th MCPs

A

Dynamic ulnar nerve splint / Dynamic anti-claw deformity splint / Wynn Perry splint

27
Q

It prevents contracture of unopposed, innervated wrist flexors and passively extends the wrist while allowing wrist flexion

A

Dynamic wrist extension splint

28
Q

It immobilizes the wrist in functional position, where it passively extends the MCP to 0º, and permits full active MCP flexion and unrestricted IP motion

A

Dynamic finger extension splint

29
Q

It trains the tenodesis grasp, promotes a strong tripod pinch with wrist extension, and allows finger opening with wrist flexion

A

Tenodesis training splint

30
Q

It is composed of a velcro strap, used to aid for grooming & brushing of teeth. The strap has a pocket for insertion of items such as forks/comb/toothbrush to help in IADLs.

A

Universal cuff

Additional: Recommended for pts na nahuhuli bumalik yung paghawak (functions) ng kamay (e.g. Stroke pts)

31
Q

Determine which custom splint is for De Quervain or Trigger Finger

  1. Rigid thumb spica
  2. Has a thumb post with MCP bar
  3. Allows MCP flexion: 10-15° & PIP flexion: 15-20°
  4. Wrist in neutral to slight extension with the thumb radially abducted. The thumb IP joint can be left free.

A. Trigger Finger
B. De Quervain Tenosynovitis

A
  1. B
  2. A
  3. A
  4. B
32
Q

The two deformities that are common in pts with rheumatoid arthritis

A

Swan neck deformity & Boutonniere’s deformity

33
Q

Determine whether the ring orthosis is for Swan neck or Boutonniere

  1. Central portion is at the dorsal aspect of PIP joint
  2. Block flexion at PIP joint
  3. Central portion is at the volar part of PIP joint
  4. Block extension at the PIP joint

A. Swan neck
B. Boutonniere’s

A
  1. B
  2. B
  3. A
  4. A
34
Q

It is called “knuckle-bender
orthosis” because it gradually stretches the extensor tendons at the same time allowing healing. It will not overstretch the tendon after repair.

A

Dynamic hand finger orthosis

35
Q

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

  1. Places elbow at 45º flexion, reduces stretch at the ulnar nerve
  2. For fx, dislocation, severe affectation of ulnar nerve
  3. Allows 70º degrees of elbow flexion, protects nerve from re-injury
  4. Has pads that cover the medial portion which supports ulnar nerve from trauma
  5. Night splint that prevents elbow
    flexion when sleeping

A. Custom splint
B. Posey soft splint

A
  1. A
  2. B
  3. B
  4. A
  5. B
36
Q

Lateral Epicondylalgia

  1. Acute lat epi, severe pain, most commonly given
  2. Wrist extension at 0-45º to offload the extensors and promote healing at the muscle origin
  3. Decreases force of muscle contraction
    by inhibiting muscle expansion and reducing tension at the musculotendinous unit proximal to the band
  4. Located on wrist or proximal forearm, given for ~2 weeks
  5. Chronic or subacute lat epi

A. Wrist cock-up splint
B. Forearm support band or counterforce brace

A
  1. A
  2. A
  3. B
  4. B
  5. B
37
Q

A patient was fitted with a static wrist-hand orthosis for the first time. Which of the following precautions and instructions should you advice your patient regarding proper usage of orthosis?
A. Orthosis should be worn for a maximum of 30 mins initially and inspect skin changes
B. Red marks are normal as long as it disappear after 30 mins
C. Wearing time can be gradually increased as long as the patient can tolerate it
D. AOTA

A

C. Wearing time can be gradually increased as long as the patient can tolerate it

38
Q

In initial fitting of an orthosis, it is worn for about ___ and to inspect for persistent red marks every 5 mins.

A

5-30 mins

Additional: Red marks should disappear within 20 minutes. For the first time wear, the orthosis is worn for a maximum of 30 mins only then remove. For the following days, wear the orthosis again but with progressively increasing time until pt is able tolerate it.

39
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: As shoulder orthoses are rarely used nowadays due to inconvenience of use, the best way to immobilize the shoulder
would be taping or bandaging.

A

True

40
Q

In patients with trigger finger, what type of cane facilitates natural position of the hand for better healing?

A

J cane

41
Q

Why does radial nerve palsy lead to wrist drop deformity?

A

Affectation of ECRB and ECRL

42
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In a UE orthotic devices, both a compressive forces and traction in a controlled manner protects and impaired joint or body area.

A

True

43
Q

CASE: A pt has a dx of lateral epicondylalgia and reports of pain gr. 9/10. What kind of splint will you prescribe?

A

Cock-up splint

44
Q

Swan neck deformity can be caused by which conditions?

A

RA and CTS

45
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: An UE orthosis is indicated after a tumor excision

A

True

46
Q

In dynamic splinting, a pt should remain comfortable with the orthosis for up to _____ hours

A

12

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