S2 Mystery of Substances Flashcards
What is an element?
An element contains only one type of atom.
What is an atom?
An atom is the smallest building block in chemistry.
What is a molecule?
A molecule is more than one atom chemically
bonded together.
Some elements naturally exist as molecules e.g. hydrogen and oxygen
What is a compound?
A compound is two or more different elements chemically bonded together
What is a mixture?
A mixture can contain different elements and compounds which are not chemically bonded.
Describe this substance.
It is an element - there is only one type of atom.
Describe this substance.
It is a compound - there is two different types of atom bonded together.
Describe this substance.
It is a molecule of an element - there is only one type of atom, and it is bonded together.
Describe this substance.
This is a mixture of elements.
One element is a single atom, the other element is a molecule.
Describe this substance.
It is a mixture of compounds.
Describe this substance.
It is a mixture of elements and compounds.
How are elements in the periodic table arranged?
They are arranged in order of increasing atomic number.
What are some properties of metals?
- Shiny
- Conduct electricity
- Conduct heat
- Malleable
- Almost all are solid (except mercury)
- They have high melting/boiling points
What are some properties of non-metals?
- They are dull
- Poor conductors of heat
- They have low melting points
- Are not magnetic
What are the two elements which are liquid at room temperature?
Bromine and mercury.
This group of the periodic table contains highly reactive solids, which reveal a shiny surface when cut.
Which group is it?
Group 1 - Alkali Metals
This group of solids do not cut easily, and do not react quickly with water.
Which group is it?
Group 2 - Alkali Earth Metals
The reactivity of this group of non-metals decreases as you go down the group.
Which group is it?
Group 7 - Halogens
The elements in this group are colourless gases. They are highly unreactive.
Which group is it?
Group 8/0 - Noble Gases
The elements in this group are very unreactive, but they are very strong and dense. One of the elements in this group is a liquid.
Transition Metals
What is the name of the compound containing magnesium and oxygen?
Magnesium oxide
What is the name of the compound containing sodium and chlorine?
Sodium chloride
What is the name of the compound containing lithium and nitrogen?
Lithium nitride
What are the elements contained in calcium sulfide?
Calcium and sulfur
What is required to break a compound up into its constituent elements?
Energy
What is the name of the process which separates a compound into its elements using electricity.
Electrolysis
What is the word equation for the following reaction:
When sodium burns, it reacts with oxygen in the air to make sodium oxide.
Sodium + Oxygen -> Sodium Oxide
