S2 Biology Modlue 2 Flashcards
What are the 7 nutrients
Carbohydrates
Fibre
Protein
Fats
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
What is a balanced diet
A diet containing the correct amount of each of the 7 nutrients
What do carbohydrates supply us with
Energy
What are the 2 types of carbohydrates
Fast releasing - sugars
Slow releasing - starch
What is fibre and what does it help us do
Fibre is also a carbohydrate and helps our digestive system
What do proteins do
They help us grow and repair
What do fats provide us with
Energy that can be stored
Insulation
What do vitamins and minerals do
Prevent certain diseases
Why is water needed
Chemical reactions like transporting materials e round the body
What is malnutrition and why does it occur
It occurs when ur diet is lacking a certain nutrient
What are deficiency diseases caused by
Lack of a certain vitamin or mineral
What disease is caused by a lack of vitamin A and what are the effects
Night blindness
Blurry vision
Trouble seeing
What disease is caused by lack of calcium and what are its effects
Rickets
Soft deformed bones
What disease is caused by a lack of vitamin c and what are its effects
Scurvy
Bleeding gums
Swollen
What disease is caused by a lack of protein
Kwashiorkor
Swelling
Pot belly
What disease is caused by lack of iron and what are its effects
Anemia
Tiredness and lack of energy
What is the test for starch
If iodine solution turns blue/black starch is present
What is the test for reducing sugar
Benedict’s solution and heated if sugar is present it’ll turn blue-orange
What is the test for protein
Biurets solution
It changes from blue to purple if present
What are the 2 types of carbohydrates
Low releasing
Fast releasing
What are complex carbohydrates made up of
Small units called sugar molecules
What are proteins made up of
Small units called amino acid
What are fats made up of
Subunits called fatty acids and glycerol
What are teeth used for
Bite
Chew
To mechanically break large pieces into smaller ones
