S.1.1 Org. Structure & Processes Flashcards
Direct management control
combines the ownership and control of resources with practical knowledge of the means of production to exercise discipline over their employee.
The panoptical principle
establishes the capacity to be all seeing of those, aware that they are potentially being watched.
Early modern management
was based on the principle of the efficient extraction of value from the labour that was employed.
Limited liability legislation
separated the private fortunes of the entrepreneurs from investments in buisness, so that if the latter failed, the personal fortune was sequestered and the debtors prison avoided.
In internal contracting
a contractor used materials, plant and equipment supplied by owners but managed the labour contracted to deliver a certain quantity of product.
Scientific management
assumes that there is one best way to organize work and organization based on the principles of standardization of time and routinization of motion.
Specialization
occurs when labour is divided and defined into smaller specific tasks rather than being seen as a general task that anyone might do.
Bureaucracy
is an organizational form consisting of a hierachy of differentiated knowledge and expertise in which rules and discipline are arranged not only hierarchically in regard to each other but also in parallel. In bureaucracy, action is procedurally based on formal rules. When bureaucracies are classified as being of the rational-legal type, they are supposed to apply values and principles universally, without favour or prejudice.
An organizational design
is the designated formal structure of the organization as a system of roles, responsibilities and decision-making.
Rational-legal principles:
People obey orders as rational-legal precepts because they believe that the person giving the order is acting in accordance with a code of legal rules and regulations.
The labour process
refers to the social relations that people enter into when they are employed.
Max’s theory of exploitation
assumes that if labour is the source of value, profits (surplus value) must arise from labours efforts.
Surplus value
Exploting labour and retaining the surplus value produced over and above that which the labour receives in exchange.
Alienation
means the experience of being isolated from a group or an activity to which one should belong or in which one should be involved.
De-skilling
removes judgement and discretion from emplyoees, reducing control of the work they do by separating the conception of work from it’s execution.
