S1 Wk 12 - Introduction to Clinical Neuropsychology Flashcards
What is neuropsychology
Concerned with the relationships between brain and behaviour
research investigates how brain structure and function can influence effect behaviour and cognition
what did Gall and Spurzheim find
brain dissections identified the corticospinal tract
phrenology: bumps = personality
how is the nervous system subdivided
central nervous system
- brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system
- somatic NS
- automatic NS
- sympathetic NS
- parasympathetic NS
what did Wernicke think
hearing and speech were related
ppl with aphasia and lesions in auditory projection area
- fluent speech but impaired comprehension of spoken words and sentences
- Wernicke’s area, aphasia
what did Broca think
left frontal lesions and speech deficits
Broca’s area = region linked with speech production
Broca’s aphasia = syndrome linked with damage to Broca’s area
damage in Broca’s area will lead to
issues with speech production
damage in Wernicke’s area will lead to
impairments in comprehension
what did Flourens experiment do
surgical ablation = lesions in rabbits and pigeons
what did Ferrier experiment do
electrical stimulation of cortex in dogs and monkeys
what was the case of Henry Molaison
H.M. - removal of hippocampus (for treatment of epilepsy)
whats alcohol-related brain disease (ARBD) caused by
long-term alcohol misuse
direct neurotoxic effects of alcohol
methods of assessing global cognitive functioning
mini mental state examination
11-item quantitative screening test to assess severity of cognitive impairment
ranges from 0-30
30 = no evidence of cognitive decline
dementia given at score of 24 definitely 15
2 methods of assessing memory impairment
Wechsler Memory Scale
Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure
5 methods of assessing executive functioning
Behavioural assessment of the dysexecutive syndrome
trial making test
word naming test
Wisconsin card sorting test
Stroop test
