S1 Flashcards
In the general circulation, blood pressure is highest in Aorta, and lowest in the Vena cava.
a. Both statements are true
b. Both statements are false
c. The first statement is true; the second statement is false
d. The first statement is false; the second statement is true
a. Both statements are true
If there are lesions in this nerve, it may result to impaired lacrimation
a. Maxillary nerve
b. Sphenopalatine ganglion
c. Mandibular nerve
d. Auriculotemporal nerve
a. Maxillary nerve
Branch of external carotid except
a. Superior thyroid
b. Posterior auricular
c. Deep temporal
d. Occipital
c. Deep temporal
Amount of air that can be inhaled or exhaled in one respiratory cycle
a. Vital lung capacity
b. Inspiratory capacity
c. Residual volume
d. Tidal Volume
d. Tidal Volume
Primary organ responsible for the acid-base balance in the body
a. Kidney
b. Heart
c. Liver
d. Spleen
a. Kidney
Which of the following is supplied by auriculotemporal nerve?
a. Parotid
b. Submandibular
c. Sublingual
d. Lacrimal
a. Parotid
During cephalic phase of gastric secretion, which of the following is stimulated to increase acid secretions?
a. Pavlov pouch
b. Heidenhain pouch
c. Fight or flight response
d. Rathke’s pouch
a. Pavlov pouch
Tongue developed from what brachial arches?
a. 1, 2, 3 and 4
b. 1, and 3
c. 1, 3 and 4
d. 1, 2 and 4
a. 1, 2, 3 and 4
If there is air in the pleural cavity the condition is known as ___________
a. Pulmothorax
b. Oxythorax
c. Pneumothorax
d. All of the above
c. Pneumothorax
They are considered as the least dense lipoproteins
a. Chylomicrons
b. VLDL
c. LDL
d. HDL
a. Chylomicrons
Type of hypoxia associated with problems in oxygen-carriers in the blood (hemoglobin)?
a. Anemic hypoxia
b. Circulatory hypoxia
c. Hypoxemic hypoxia
d. Histotoxic hypoxia
a. Anemic hypoxia
Average normal Glomerular Filtration Rate
a. 75ml/min
b. 100ml/min
c. 125ml/min
d. 150ml/min
c. 125ml/min
This is smooth muscle that helps eject urine from the bladder:
a. Dartos muscle
b. Detrussor muscle
c. Myometrium
d. Bulbospongiosus
b. Detrussor muscle
Increase sweating will lead to which of the following:
a. Increase secretion of ADH
b. Decrease secretion of ADH
c. No effect in ADH
a. Increase secretion of ADH
The human body has ______ pairs of true ribs
a. 12
b. 10
c. 7
d. 5
c. 7
As we age, fats accumulate in the heart primarily in
a. Epicardium
b. Myocardium
c. Endocardium
a. Epicardium
Geometric outline of proximal of all maxillary posterior teeth
a. Trapezoid
b. Rhomboid
c. Triangular
d. Square
a. Trapezoid
Main enzymes found in cerebrospinal fluid
a. Gamma-glutamyl transferase and Alkaline phosphatase
b. Alkaline phosphatase and Creatine Kinase
c. Creatine Kinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase
d. Deaminase and Peroxidase
c. Creatine Kinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase
Which of the following does not supply the TMJ?
a. Inner maxillary artery
b. External carotid
c. Arteries of the pterygoid muscle
d. Facial artery
d. Facial artery
Nerve supply of temporomandibular joint
a. Facial nerve
b. Temporomandibular nerve
c. Mandibular nerve
d. Maxillary nerve
c. Mandibular nerve
All of the following are clotting factors, except:
a. Fe²ᶧ
b. Calcium
c. Fibrinogen
d. Prothrombin
a. Fe²ᶧ
When cells are no longer needed or become a threat to the organism, they undergo a suicide programmed cell death called apoptosis which is initiated by which of the following?
a. Lysosomes
b. Nucleus
c. Rough endoplastic reticulum
d. Mitochondria
d. Mitochondria
Liver has how many segments?
a. 3
b. 5
c. 8
d. 10
c. 8
Major venous drainage of the heart
a. Coronary sinus
b. Great cardiac vein
c. Oblique vein
d. Middle cardiac vein
a. Coronary sinus
Heart is _____ in relation to the lungs
a. Lateral
b. Medial
c. Posterior
d. Anterior
b. Medial
Epithelium of the stomach and intestines
a. Stratified squamous
b. Simple columnar with goblet cells
c. Pseudostratified columnar ciliated with goblet cells
d. Simple columnar with microvilli
d. Simple columnar with microvilli
Oxyphilic cells are seen in
a. Thyroid
b. Parathyroid
c. Thymus
d. Adrenal
b. Parathyroid
Sorting and Packaging center of the cell
a. Lysosomes
b. Golgi apparatus
c. Ribosomes
d. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi apparatus
Renal threshold for glucose (RTG) that results to glucosuria
a. 100mg/dl
b. 120mg/dl
c. 140mg/dl
d. 160mg/dl
d. 160mg/dl
Premolar with three-cusp type occlusal configuration
a. Maxillary first premolar
b. Mandibular first premolar
c. Maxillary second premolar
d. Mandibular second premolar
d. Mandibular second premolar
Which of the following is the largest premolar?
a. Maxillary first premolar
b. Mandibular first premolar
c. Maxillary second premolar
d. Mandibular second premolar
a. Maxillary first premolar
Which blood vessels primarily control the blood pressure?
a. Capillaries
b. Venules
c. Venacava
d. Arterioles
d. Arterioles
Urinary bladder of adults can hold _______ amounts of urine
a. 0.3 L
b. 0.5 ml
c. 0.3 ml
d. 0.5 L
d. 0.5 L
A patient with a karyotype 47/XY/+18 has what condition?
a. Down syndrome, male
b. Down syndrome, female
c. Edward syndrome, male
d. Edward syndrome, female
c. Edward syndrome, male
Which of the following cusps form the oblique ridge?
a. Mesiolingual cusp
b. Distolingual cusp
c. Mesiobuccal cusp
d. Distal cusp
a. Mesiolingual cusp
Which of the following nerves innervate the lacrimal gland?
a. V1
b. V2
c. V3
d. VIII
a. V1
The bifurcation of the trachea at the level of the sternal angle is known as _________
a. Hylum
b. Tracheal segmentation
c. Tracheax
d. Carina
d. Carina
Acetoacetic acid, B-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone are formed in which of the following organs of the body?
a. Pancreas
b. Kidney
c. Liver
d. Stomach
c. Liver
Organ where you can find the most permeable type of capillaries
a. Brain
b. Liver
c. Lungs
d. Heart
b. Liver
Average daily urine output
a. 0.5L
b. 1.5L
c. 2.5L
d. 3.5L
b. 1.5L
Clinical manifestation of Striae of retzius or incremental growth lines in enamel.
a. Imbrication lines of pickerill
b. Incremental lines of von ebner
c. Mamelons
d. None of the above
a. Imbrication lines of pickerill
A mineral that is a very important constituent of thyroid hormones
a. Iron
b. Calcium
c. Iodine
d. Phosphorus
c. Iodine
The difference in electrical charge between the inside and the outside of the cell membrane of an unstimulated (nonconducting) neuron is called the:
a. Relative refractory potential
b. Action potential
c. Resting membrane potential
d. Absolute refractory potential
c. Resting membrane potential
When a patient moves his mouth to the right side, the condyle on the balancing side moves in which direction?
a. Downward, forward and medial
b. Downward, forward and lateral
c. Upward, forward and medial
d. Upward, forward and lateral
b. Downward, forward and lateral
Thymus came from what pharyngeal pouch?
a. First
b. Second
c. Third
d. Fourth
c. Third
Which of the following are the balancing cusps?
a. Maxillary lingual cusps and mandibular buccal cusps
b. Maxillary buccal cusps and mandibular lingual cusps
c. Maxillary lingual cusps and mandibular lingual cusps
d. Maxillary buccal cusps and mandibular buccal cusps
b. Maxillary buccal cusps and mandibular lingual cusps
The optic canal is found in which of the following structures of the sphenoid bone?
a. Hollow body
b. Greater wing
c. Lesser wing
d. Pterygoid process
c. Lesser wing
Which of the following is true about the gubernacular cord?
a. It guides the eruption of a tooth follicle
b. It is the embryonic origin of the spinal cord
c. It transforms to the spermatic cord that attaches the testicles to the body
d. It moves inferiorly during development and transforms to the thyroglossal duct
a. It guides the eruption of a tooth follicle
What are the stop codons?
a. AUG – UGA – UAA
b. GAU – GAU – UAA
c. UGA – UAA – UAG
d. UAA- UGA – UGA
c. UGA – UAA – UAG
Which of the following cranial nerves have parasympathetic activity?
a. I, III, VII, IX
b. III, V, VII, IX
c. II, V, IX, X
d. III, VII, IX, X
d. III, VII, IX, X
The submental lymph nodes receive lymphatic vessels from all of the following except the:
a. Mandibular molars
b. Tip of the tongue
c. Middle of the lower lip
d. Mandibular central incisors
a. Mandibular molars
Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve will shift to the right by the following, except one:
a. increase CO2
b. increase temperature
c. increase hydrogen ion
d. increase pH
d. increase pH
This is the origin of the medial pterygoid muscle
a. Lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
b. Medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
c. Condyle
d. Medial portion of ramus near the angle of mandible
a. Lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
During the contraction of the thoracic diaphragm, the rib cage
a. Rise
b. Fall
c. Shape is maintained
a. Rise
Blood pressure decreases as blood moves through the systemic circulation. In which vessel does the blood pressure decrease the most as blood traveled through the body?
a. Large arteries
b. Large veins
c. Arterioles
d. Venules
e. Capillaries
c. Arterioles
Muscle of the back innervated by cranial nerve XI
a. Latissimus dorsi
b. Trapezius
c. Rhomboid minor
d. Rhomboid major
b. Trapezius
All of the following are basic structures found in enamel, except:
a. Enamel prism
b. Rod sheath
c. Interrod cementing substance
d. None of the above
d. None of the above
Maxillary molars have ______ ridge while mandibular molars have ______ ridge
a. Both oblique
b. Transverse; oblique
c. Oblique; transverse
c. Oblique; transverse
It is defined as the union of buccal and lingual triangular ridges that crosses the buccal and lingual cusps at 90 degrees.
a. Oblique ridge
b. Transverse ridge
c. Central fossa
d. Mesial triangular fossa
b. Transverse ridge
Which of the following is true about the law of specific nerve energies by Johannes Muller?
a. Perception is defined by the pathway over which sensory information is carried.
b. Perception is defined by the origin of the stimulus that excites the nerves in our body.
c. Perception is defined by the type of stimulus (mechanical, visual, auditory) that specifically stimulates receptors of the nervous system
a. Perception is defined by the pathway over which sensory information is carried.
Rigor mortis is due to
a. Lactic acid buildup
b. Excessive ATP in the cell
c. Breakdown of myosin and actin
d. Release of calcium in the extracellular space
d. Release of calcium in the extracellular space
It is the ganglia that receives fibers from the motor, sensory and parasympathetic components of the facial nerve. It also sends fibers to the lacrimal, submandibular and sublingual glands.
a. Semilunar ganglion
b. Geniculate ganglion
c. Otic ganglion
d. Ciliary ganglion
b. Geniculate ganglion
This is the muscle that opens up the vocal cords.
a. Cricothyroid
b. Lateral cricoarytenoid
c. Posterior cricoarytenoid
d. Vocalis
c. Posterior cricoarytenoid
Which of the ff is the correct schematic outline with the corresponding tooth?
a. Mandibular premolars, rhomboidal – occlusal view
b. Maxillary central incisors, Triangular – facial view
c. Maxillary lateral incisors, Trapezoidal – mesial
d. All mandibular posterior teeth, rhomboidal – distal
d. All mandibular posterior teeth, rhomboidal – distal
Total Body fluid volume is _______ of body weight
a. 20%
b. 40%
c. 60%
d. 80%
c. 60%
From which pharyngeal pouches do the parathyroid glands develop?
a. First and second
b. Second and third
c. Third and fourth
d. Fourth and fifth
c. Third and fourth
It is an eye condition associated with loss of elasticity of the lens due to ageing that results to inability to focus on objects near to the eye.
a. Astigmatism
b. Presbyopia
c. Myopia
d. Hyperopia
b. Presbyopia
The mylohyoid nerve is a branch of which of the following nerves?
a. Cervical spinal nerve
b. V3
c. VII
d. IX
e. XII
b. V3
Red pulp of spleen contains
a. Fibroblasts
b. T lymphocyte
c. B lymphocyte
d. Macrophages
e. Chromaffin cells
d. Macrophages
Artery supplying the anterior wall of the left ventricle.
a. Left circumflex artery
b. Anterior interventricular artery
c. Right coronary artery
d. None of the above
b. Anterior interventricular artery
Which of the following is a characteristic of skeletal muscle cells?
a. Branched
b. Multinucleated
c. Spindle
d. Non-striated
b. Multinucleated
It is a catalytically-inactive enzyme
a. Holoenzyme
b. Apoenzyme
c. Cofactor
b. Apoenzyme
Fontanelles of the fetal skull is a kind of _____________ joint
a. Synchondrosis
b. Symphysis
c. Fibrous
d. Gomphosis
c. Fibrous
Among the following types of stimuli, which will inhibit gastric secretions?
a. Thinking of food
b. Presence of food in the stomach
c. Food in duodenum
d. None of the above
e. All of the above
c. Food in duodenum
3 fatty acids linked to glycerol is known as _______
a. Triglycerides
b. Cholesterol
c. Phospholipids
d. Eicosanoids
a. Triglycerides
Which of the following is true about the mechanism of breathing?
a. During inhalation the external intercostal muscles relax, while the internal intercostalis muscles contract.
b. During inhalation, diaphragm contracts, resulting to flattening.
c. During exhalation, diaphragm decreases in size.
d. External intercostal muscles contract while internal relax
c. During exhalation, diaphragm decreases in size.
Normal ratio of compressions/breaths when doing cardiopulmonary resuscitation
a. 30:2
b. 20:2
c. 20:1
d. 30:1
a. 30:2
The lateral ligament of the TMJ is also known as the _____________
a. Capsule
b. Temporomandibular ligament
c. Sphenomandibular ligament
d. Stylomandibular ligament
b. Temporomandibular ligament
Muscular dystrophy
a. Degeneration
b. Trembling
c. Shaking
a. Degeneration
When a permanent tooth clinically emerges, how much of the root structure is most likely to have developed?
a. 1/4
b. 1/3
c. 2/3
d. 4/5
c. 2/3
Brachiocephalic vein is formed by
a. Subclavian vein and internal jugular vein
b. external jugular vein and subclavian vein
c. external carotid vein and subclavian vein
d. internal and external jugular vein
a. Subclavian vein and internal jugular vein
Main blood supply for the hypophysis cerebri
a. Hypophyseal arteries
b. Portal vessels
c. Circle of willis
d. Cerebral arteries
a. Hypophyseal arteries
Abduction of foot
a. Outward
b. Inward
c. Superior
d. Inferior
a. Outward
Breaths/minute refers to _______
a. Respiratory rate
b. Minute ventilation
c. Tidal volume
d. All of the above
a. Respiratory rate
Steroids came from what hormone?
a. Presterone
b. Prestrogen
c. Prestosterone
d. Pregnenolone
d. Pregnenolone
Which doesn’t form the lateral portion of the nasal cavity?
a. Maxilla
b. Vomer
c. Palatine bone
d. Ethmoid bone
b. Vomer
The synthesis of specific proteins from the mRNA base sequence code is
a. DNA replication
b. Protein synthesis
c. RNA synthesis
d. Transduction
b. Protein synthesis
Which of the following is the correct equation for measuring the cardiac output?
a. CO = SV + HR x 100
b. CO = SV – HR x 100
c. CO = SV x HR
d. CO = SV / HR
c. CO = SV x HR
Respiratory alkalosis results from impairment with removal of carbon dioxide in the blood; Respiratory acidosis is caused by excessive ventilation.
a. Both statements are true
b. Both statements are false
c. The first statement is true; the second statement is false
d. The first statement is false; the second statement is true
b. Both statements are false
Layer of epidermis where Langerhans cell are present
a. S. basale
b. S. spinosum
c. S. granulosum
d. S. corneum
b. S. spinosum
The most common type of hemoglobin found in adults is ______
a. Hemoglobin H
b. Hemoglobin S
c. Hemoglobin M
d. Hemoglobin A
e. Hemoglobin F
d. Hemoglobin A
These are extensions of odontoblastic processes in the enamel
a. Enamel tufts
b. Enamel spindle
c. Enamel lamellae
d. Perikymata
b. Enamel spindle
Which of the following is most life threatening? Damage to:
a. Nasal septum
b. Cribriform plate
c. Sinusitis
d. Cleft Palate
b. Cribriform plate
It is the remnants of the thyroglossal duct found at the junction of the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of the tongue.
a. Copula
b. Tuberculum impar
c. Foramen cecum
d. Midline swelling
c. Foramen cecum
When the carotid sinus in the neck is compressed, it will result to?
a. Hypercapnia
b. Tachycardia
c. Bradycardia
c. Bradycardia
Which of the following has mesiolingual developmental groove?
a. Maxillary first premolar
b. Maxillary second premolar
c. Mandibular first premolar
d. Mandibular second premolar
c. Mandibular first premolar
Type of hypoxia due to decrease oxygen absorbed by the lungs?
a. Anemic hypoxia
b. Circulatory hypoxia
c. Hypoxemic hypoxia
d. Histotoxic hypoxia
c. Hypoxemic hypoxia
Korotkoff sound
a. Heart sound
b. Respiratory sounds
c. Gastrointestinal sounds
d. Blood pressure
d. Blood pressure
Muscle that forms the posterior tonsillar pillar is the
a. Palatoglossus
b. Palatopharyngeus
c. Stylopharyngeus
d. Superior pharyngeal constrictor
b. Palatopharyngeus
Which of the following is not a function of the parathyroid hormone?
a. Increases vitamin D production
b. Increases the process of bone resorption
c. Increases calcium reabsorption in nephron tubules
d. Increases phosphate reabsorption in nephron tubules
d. Increases phosphate reabsorption in nephron tubules
