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Fire Fighter Academy > S-190 > Flashcards

S-190 Flashcards

1
Q

Flaming front

A

Part of the fire where continuous flaming combustion is taking place
Light fuels have a shallop front, heavy fuels have a deep front

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2
Q

Fire whirls

A

Spinning and moving column of air and fire gases that carry smoke, debris, and flames aloft.
Usually formed on the leeward side of elevated terrain features and can cause spot fires.

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3
Q

Steady state fires

A

Free burnin fires.

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4
Q

Convection

A

gases heated from a fire expand and rise- this can create air movement

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5
Q

Aspect

A

Compass direction toward which a slope faces

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6
Q

Slope

A

Natural or artificial topographic inclines

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7
Q

Barrier

A

Any obstruction of the spread of fire

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8
Q

Topography

A

Shape of landscape,

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9
Q

intensity

A

Rate of heat energy released per unit time per unit length of fire front.

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10
Q

Rate

A

Relative activity of fire in extending its horizontal dimensions.

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11
Q

Fuel moisture

A

The percentage of the weight of fuel when dried at 212 degrees.

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12
Q

slope formula

A

rise in feet over 100 feet multiplied by 100

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13
Q

Chute

A

streep v shaped drainage

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14
Q

Saddle

A

depression between two adjacent hills

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15
Q

Control

A

When the perimeter of fire spread has been halted and is expected to remain halted.

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16
Q

Fuel load

A

Refers to both live and dead fuel in a specific area.

Reported in tons per acre

17
Q

Size and shape

A

Affect the rate of heat transfer and the change in moisture content.
Size and shape described as light, medium, or heavy.

18
Q

Continuity

A

Describes the horizontal and vertical spacing of fuels in a certain area.

19
Q

What are the four vertical arrangement classifications for fuel?

A

Subsurface
Surface
Ladder
Aerial

20
Q

Three types of moisture

A

Precipitation
Ground moisture
Atmospheric Moisture

21
Q

Slash

A

Logs
Tree tops
limbs
Stumps

22
Q

Define the two most important elements in determining weather driven wild land fire behavior

A

Wind

Fuel moisture

23
Q

Define extreme fire behavior

A

Rapid ROS
Intense burning
Spotting
Crowning

24
Q

What are the seven key characteristics in anticipating fire behavior?

A

1) Fuel characteristics
2) Fuel Moisture
3) Fuel Temperature
4) Topography
5) Wind
6) Atmospheric Stability
7) Fire Behavior
Number one and two are biggest factors

25
Q

What do lenticular clouds indicate

A

High winds aloft with the potential to surface

26
Q

Name three most critical fire behavior indicators.

A

Torching, frequent spotting, well developed column of smoke

27
Q

What are four factors to look for when considering atmospheric stability?

A

Stratus clouds
Good visibility
Castellatus clouds
Inversion beginning to lift

Fire Fighter Academy (15 decks)

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