S-130

Question 1

Origin

Answer 1

Where the fire started and the point from which the fire will spread.

Question 2

Head

Answer 2

Part of wild land fire with the greatest forward rate of spread. The head is usually on the opposite side from where the wind is blowing, or on the uphill side of a slope. Some fires will have multiple heads, and controlling them is how you stop a wild land fire.

Question 3

Finger

Answer 3

Long narrow strips of fire that extend from the main body of fire.

Question 4

When are fingers formed?

Answer 4

-When fire burns into mixed fuels. It burns quickly through light fuel, but slowly through heavy fuel.
-Due to variation in terrain and wind direction
-When the head is split by natural features like water, fields, or rock outcroppings.
Uncontrolled fingers can form new heads.

Question 5

Pocket

Answer 5

Unburned area between the main fire and any fingers

Question 6

Perimeter

Answer 6

Outer boundary, or distance around the outside edge.

Also called fire edge

Question 7

Rear/heal

Answer 7

The opposite end of the fire from the head

Question 8

Flanks

Answer 8

Part of the fire the parallel the direction the fire is traveling.

Question 9

Island

Answer 9

Unburned areas inside the fire perimeter.

Consider burning these out to prevent spot fires.

Question 10

Convection Column

Answer 10

Rising column of head or gas above a source of continued heat or fire.

Question 11

Slopover

Answer 11

When the fire crosses a control line or natural barrier. This accrues immediately adjacent to and across the control line.

Question 12

Spot fires

Answer 12

These can occur some distance from the control line.

Question 13

The green

Answer 13

Any are that isn’t burnt, but it adjacent to an involved area.

Question 14

Aerial Fuels

Answer 14

Any burnable fuel not in direct contact with the ground.

Question 15

Reburn

Answer 15

When a fire moves quickly through an area leaving either aerial or ground fuels unburned that can be burned later when conditions become more favorable.

Question 16

Chain

Answer 16

66 feet

Question 17

ROS

Answer 17

Rate of spread

Question 18

Feet traveled per minute is equal to

Answer 18

Chains per hour

Question 19

Smoldering fire

Answer 19

Fire that burns without a flame and is barely spreading

Question 20

Creeping fire

Answer 20

Burns with low flame and spreads slowly

Question 21

Running fire

Answer 21

One that spreads rapidly with a well defined head

Question 22

Spotting fire

Answer 22

Fire that has large convection columns or wind that spread spot fires in advance of the fire head

Question 23

Crowning fire

Answer 23

Burns at the tops of trees or shrubs, independent of the ground fire.

Question 24

Torching fire

Answer 24

One that periodically ignites the crown of a single or small group of trees or shrubs before returning to the surface. Torching fires are not as serious as crown fires.

Question 25

Anchor point

Answer 25

Any good place where you can start building a fire line. Using an anchor point helps prevent us from being outflanked by the fire.