Chapter 15: Water Supply and Hose

Question 1

What are the two rules of water supply?

Answer 1

Water is non-compressible

Capable of being pumped

Question 2

Define flow

How is it expressed?

Answer 2

The volume of water being moved

Gallons per minute or liters mer minute

Question 3

Define pressure

How is it expressed?

Answer 3

Force applied over a give area, or the force used to move the volume of water through ha hose and out of a nozzle.
Lbs of force per square inch (PSI), or kilopascal (kPa).

Question 4

Weight of a gallon of water?

Answer 4

8.33 Lbs

Question 5

How many gallons of water are in 1 cubic foot?

Answer 5

7.48 gallons

Question 6

What is the weight of 1 cubic foot of water?

Answer 6

62.4 Lbs

Question 7

What does PSI mean?

Answer 7

Lbs of pressure per square inch, square inch being define as 1 inch x 1 inch x 12 inches of water.

Question 8

What is the water pressure in 1 inch x 1 inch x 12 inches of water?

Answer 8

.434 psi.

Question 9

What is the rule for the increase of water pressure related to depth?

Answer 9

Water pressure increases 1 psi for every 2.3 ft.

Question 10

What is the water pressure at 10 feet of depth?

Answer 10

.434 psi

Question 11

What is the water pressure at 200 feet of depth?

Answer 11

86.956 psi

Question 12

What is the water pressure at 400 feet of depth?

Answer 12

173.81 psi

Question 13

Define elevation head

Answer 13

The pressure created by a column of water.

Question 14

How many psi are needed to move water up every 10 feet of building height?

Answer 14

5 psi

Question 15

What is the approximate height of 1 story of a building?

Answer 15

10 feet

Question 16

Define atmospheric pressure

Answer 16

The weight of the air that makes up the earth’s atmosphere that is exerted on object on the earth.

Question 17

What is the atmospheric pressure at sea level?

Answer 17

14.7 psi

Question 18

What does the “g” in psig stand for?

Answer 18

“G” stands for gauge, which means that the reading has been corrected to zero psi after taking the weight of the earth’s atmosphere into account.

Question 19

Define fraction loss

Answer 19

The amount of energy lost while water is flowing.

Question 20

When does friction loss increase?

Answer 20

When more water is flowing through a given size hose.

Question 21

How can friction loss be decreased?

Answer 21

If the size of the hose is increased

Question 22

Define static pressure

Answer 22

The amount of pressure in a hose line or water main in a street while no water is flowing.

Question 23

Define risidual pressure

Answer 23

The pressure remaining in a hose or water main while water is flowing.

Question 24

What can large aquifers be compared to?

Answer 24

Lakes underground

Question 25

What are the two major sources of water?

Answer 25

Ground water and surface water

Question 26

Define potable water

Answer 26

Treated water that can be consumed.

Question 27

What is the most important part of the municipal water system for fire departments?

Answer 27

Distribution system.

Question 28

What are water main valves/ what do they do?

Answer 28

Used to shut down certain areas of the water system for repair and maintenance. Valves usually left open.

Question 29

How far apart are water main valves?

Answer 29

500 to 800 feet.

Question 30

What are other terms for large water mains?

Answer 30

Treated water aqueducts or primary feeders. Up to 20 feet in diameter. Usually 30 to 48 inches. No hydrants connected to these

Question 31

What is another name for medium sized water mains?

Answer 31

Secondary feeders.- Usually 12 to 24 inches. My hydrants connected to these

Question 32

What are small sized water mains referred to as?

Answer 32

Distributors- 4-12 inches.- Hydrants are primarily installed on small distributors.

Question 33

What is the minimum size of pipe used to supply hydrants?

Answer 33

6 inches

Question 34

Define gate valve or roadway box

Answer 34

Valve between hydrant and water main used to allow water to a hydrant.

Question 35

Define dead end hydrant

Answer 35

A hydrant that is supplied from only one direction

Question 36

What does NST or NHT stand for?

Answer 36

National Standard Hose Thread or | National Hose Thread

Question 37

What is NST or NHT?

Answer 37

The size of thread used on hydrants so that all fire hoses can connect to it.

Question 38

How many turns to open a hydrant?

Answer 38

10-14, but then turn back 1/4 turn. Do the opposite of this when closing a hydrant.

Question 39

What is NFPA 291 in regards to ?

Answer 39

Recommended Practice for Fire Flow Testing and Marking of Hydrants. - This should designate the color of the hydrant.

Question 40

``` What are the flow rates of given hydrants by color? Red Orange Green Light Blue ```

Answer 40

Class C- Red- less than 500 gpm Class B- Orange- 500 to 999 gpm Class A- Green- 1000-1499 gpm Class AA- Light Blue- 1500 gpm or above

Question 41

What does ULDH stand for?

Answer 41

Ultra large diameter hose

Question 42

What does DJ and SJ stand for in hose lines?

Answer 42

DJ is double jacket | SJ is synthetic jacket

Question 43

What do MDH and LDH stand for in hose lines?

Answer 43

Medium diameter hose | Large diameter hose

Question 44

What is the NFPA 1962 for?

Answer 44

Standard for inspection, care, and use of fire hose, couplings, and nozzles and the service testing of fire hose.

Question 45

Define service test pressure

Answer 45

Used to determine if fire hose is suitable fore use and is the pressure the hose is tested to every year.

Question 46

Define proof/acceptance test pressure

Answer 46

Pressure the hose is subjected to by the manufacturer at the factory prior to shipment. This must be no less than twice the service pressure

Question 47

Define burst pressure

Answer 47

This pressure must be at least three times the service pressure. Tested by manufacturer.

Question 48

Define operating/ working pressure

Answer 48

This should not exceed 90% of the service test pressure.

Question 49

How often does the NFPA 1962 require that hoses be tested?

Answer 49

Annually