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Fire Fighter Academy > Chapter 15: Water Supply and Hose > Flashcards

Chapter 15: Water Supply and Hose Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two rules of water supply?

A

Water is non-compressible

Capable of being pumped

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2
Q

Define flow

How is it expressed?

A

The volume of water being moved

Gallons per minute or liters mer minute

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3
Q

Define pressure

How is it expressed?

A

Force applied over a give area, or the force used to move the volume of water through ha hose and out of a nozzle.
Lbs of force per square inch (PSI), or kilopascal (kPa).

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4
Q

Weight of a gallon of water?

A

8.33 Lbs

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5
Q

How many gallons of water are in 1 cubic foot?

A

7.48 gallons

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6
Q

What is the weight of 1 cubic foot of water?

A

62.4 Lbs

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7
Q

What does PSI mean?

A

Lbs of pressure per square inch, square inch being define as 1 inch x 1 inch x 12 inches of water.

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8
Q

What is the water pressure in 1 inch x 1 inch x 12 inches of water?

A

.434 psi.

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9
Q

What is the rule for the increase of water pressure related to depth?

A

Water pressure increases 1 psi for every 2.3 ft.

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10
Q

What is the water pressure at 10 feet of depth?

A

.434 psi

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11
Q

What is the water pressure at 200 feet of depth?

A

86.956 psi

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12
Q

What is the water pressure at 400 feet of depth?

A

173.81 psi

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13
Q

Define elevation head

A

The pressure created by a column of water.

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14
Q

How many psi are needed to move water up every 10 feet of building height?

A

5 psi

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15
Q

What is the approximate height of 1 story of a building?

A

10 feet

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16
Q

Define atmospheric pressure

A

The weight of the air that makes up the earth’s atmosphere that is exerted on object on the earth.

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17
Q

What is the atmospheric pressure at sea level?

A

14.7 psi

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18
Q

What does the “g” in psig stand for?

A

“G” stands for gauge, which means that the reading has been corrected to zero psi after taking the weight of the earth’s atmosphere into account.

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19
Q

Define fraction loss

A

The amount of energy lost while water is flowing.

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20
Q

When does friction loss increase?

A

When more water is flowing through a given size hose.

21
Q

How can friction loss be decreased?

A

If the size of the hose is increased

22
Q

Define static pressure

A

The amount of pressure in a hose line or water main in a street while no water is flowing.

23
Q

Define risidual pressure

A

The pressure remaining in a hose or water main while water is flowing.

24
Q

What can large aquifers be compared to?

A

Lakes underground

25
Q

What are the two major sources of water?

A

Ground water and surface water

26
Q

Define potable water

A

Treated water that can be consumed.

27
Q

What is the most important part of the municipal water system for fire departments?

A

Distribution system.

28
Q

What are water main valves/ what do they do?

A

Used to shut down certain areas of the water system for repair and maintenance. Valves usually left open.

29
Q

How far apart are water main valves?

A

500 to 800 feet.

30
Q

What are other terms for large water mains?

A

Treated water aqueducts or primary feeders. Up to 20 feet in diameter. Usually 30 to 48 inches. No hydrants connected to these

31
Q

What is another name for medium sized water mains?

A

Secondary feeders.- Usually 12 to 24 inches. My hydrants connected to these

32
Q

What are small sized water mains referred to as?

A

Distributors- 4-12 inches.- Hydrants are primarily installed on small distributors.

33
Q

What is the minimum size of pipe used to supply hydrants?

A

6 inches

34
Q

Define gate valve or roadway box

A

Valve between hydrant and water main used to allow water to a hydrant.

35
Q

Define dead end hydrant

A

A hydrant that is supplied from only one direction

36
Q

What does NST or NHT stand for?

A

National Standard Hose Thread or

National Hose Thread

37
Q

What is NST or NHT?

A

The size of thread used on hydrants so that all fire hoses can connect to it.

38
Q

How many turns to open a hydrant?

A

10-14, but then turn back 1/4 turn. Do the opposite of this when closing a hydrant.

39
Q

What is NFPA 291 in regards to ?

A

Recommended Practice for Fire Flow Testing and Marking of Hydrants. - This should designate the color of the hydrant.

40
Q 
What are the flow rates of given hydrants by color?
Red
Orange
Green
Light Blue
A

Class C- Red- less than 500 gpm
Class B- Orange- 500 to 999 gpm
Class A- Green- 1000-1499 gpm
Class AA- Light Blue- 1500 gpm or above

41
Q

What does ULDH stand for?

A

Ultra large diameter hose

42
Q

What does DJ and SJ stand for in hose lines?

A

DJ is double jacket

SJ is synthetic jacket

43
Q

What do MDH and LDH stand for in hose lines?

A

Medium diameter hose

Large diameter hose

44
Q

What is the NFPA 1962 for?

A

Standard for inspection, care, and use of fire hose, couplings, and nozzles and the service testing of fire hose.

45
Q

Define service test pressure

A

Used to determine if fire hose is suitable fore use and is the pressure the hose is tested to every year.

46
Q

Define proof/acceptance test pressure

A

Pressure the hose is subjected to by the manufacturer at the factory prior to shipment.
This must be no less than twice the service pressure

47
Q

Define burst pressure

A

This pressure must be at least three times the service pressure. Tested by manufacturer.

48
Q

Define operating/ working pressure

A

This should not exceed 90% of the service test pressure.

49
Q

How often does the NFPA 1962 require that hoses be tested?

A

Annually

Fire Fighter Academy (15 decks)

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