S. 112 NBC Flashcards
What does NATO stand for
North Atlantic treaty organization
what color is the nbc chemical marker
yellow background w red text
what color is the nbc bio marker
blue background w red text
what color is the nbc radiological marker
white background w black text “atom”
what color is the nbc chemical minefield marker
red background w yellow text “gas mines” and stripe
what shape are the nbc contamination markers?
right isosceles triangle 90/45/45 11x8”
what does the m40 fpm consist of
- faceblank
- filter canister
- dual voicemitter assemblies
- inlet/outlet valves
- water drinking system
how is an nbc attack expressed vocally
how is an nbc attack expressed visually
how is an nbc attack expressed be percussion
- metal on metal
- metal triangles
- sirens
- intermittent horns
where should your rifle be placed when donning fpm?
where should headgear be placed when donning fpm
on rifle
what piece should be covered on the fpm to clear it
the m40 fpm is designed to protect the wearer from what 2 things?
the m40 fpm should be donned, cleared, and sealed within what time frame
9 seconds + 6 sec to put hood in place.
what lead to the concept of MOPP
the need to balance protection with the threat, temp, and urgency of the mission
commanders can adjust the mopp protection though how many levels
what is mopp ready
when mask is carried
what is mopp level 0
how long does it take to use m256a1
approx 15min
what advantage does the m256a1 have over the m8 and m9
how many rolls of m9 tape are issued to a squad
where is m9 tape warn
what is the purpose of m9 tape
what is m9 tape primarily used on
barely visible droplets
what color will m9 tape turn once in contact with contamination
light pink, reddish brown or violet tint
what is m8 paper used on
suspected liquid forms
how much m8 paper should be used to test liqued
what can some decontaminan produce on m8 paper
false positives
What are 3 immediate decon techniques
Skin decon Personnel wipe down Operators spray down
What are 2 operational decon techniques
Vehicle wash down Mopp gear exchange
What are 3 thorough decon techniques
Detailed troop detailed equipment Detailed aircraft
During nuclear attack one should lay down w head in what direction
Toward blast
During nuclear attack one should lay face down for how long
90 sec or until debris stops falling
What are the physical characteristics of nerve agents
Odorless Almost colorless liquids Varying greatly in viscosity and volatility
Nerve agents can penetrate cloth in what form
Liquid or vapor
What material is resistant to nerve agents
Butyl rubber and synthetics eg. Polyester
What do nerve agents inhibit
Normal transmission of nerve impulses in the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system
Nerve agent reaction with cholinesterase tends to be…
Irreversible.
When will nerve agents cause the pupils to constrict
When intoxicated by vapor
When will nerve agents cause local muscular twitching
Exposure to skin
Nerve agent antidotes should not be given for what purpose?
Preventative
Service members are issued how many 2mg atropine auto injectors
3
Service members are issued how many 600mg 2-pam cl auto injectors
3
Atropine should be administered how frequently
Every 15 min until atropinization occurs (noted by tachycardia and dry mouth)
What will atropine alone not relieve
Respiratory muscle failure
Pralidoxime chloride is used to regenerate what
Blocked chol-in-ester-ase
Atropine should be held firmly at the injection site for at least how long
10 sec
Non medical personnel may give how many 2-pan cl
3 @ 15 min intervals PRN
What are the 3 common blister agents
Mustard (HD) Nitrogen Mustard (HN) Lewisite (L)
When do mustards manifest sy
Several hours after exposure
What do mustards attack
Eyes Respiratory tract Skin
Treatment for mustard
None (supportive in nature)
What are the physical characteristics of mustard (blister) agents
Oily Colorless Pale yellow liquids Sparingly soluble water (HN less volatile and more persistent then HD)
Photophobia
Mustard (blister)
Mustard causes blistering in what time frame
12-48 hours
Lewisite is an….
Arsenical
What are the physical characteristics of lewisite
Light to dark brown liquid that vaporizes quickly
When does a lewisite cause intense pain
Upon contact
A 30% solution of sodium sulfacetamide may be used within 24hr to combat what
Eye infection caused by lewisite
When is British anti-lewisite indicated
Systemic involvement of lewisite
What is available in a peanut oil suspension for injection
Dim-er-cap-rol
Greater than 3mg of BAL will cause what
Severe sy
What do blood agents interfere with
Enzyme functions i.e. Block of oxygen transfer
What is the blood agent AC
Hydro-cyanic acid
What is the blood agent CK
Cyan-ogen chloride
When are blood agents in a gaseous state
Normal temperatures and pressures
When do violent convulsions occur after exposure to blood agents
20-30 seconds
What are the 2 suggested antidotes for blood agents
Amyl nitrite Sodium thiosulfate
What odor is associated with blood agents
Almonds
How is amyl nitrate used
2 ampules crushed in hand and held at victims nose (repeated up to 8 ampules)
How is sodium thiosulfate administered
100-200 mg/kg IV over 9 min (speed is key)
State 4 choking agents
Phos-gene (CG) - most common Di-phos-gene Chlorine (CL) Chloro-pic-rin
What are the physical characteristics of choking agents
Colorless gas Smells like new mown lawn or cut grass
When exposed to a choking agent there may be no symptoms for up to how long
2-6 hr
What is the treatment for choking agents
Complete bed rest
Incapacitating agents are mainly comprised of what
Psycho chemicals
How are incapacitating agents administered.
Contaminating food/water Released as aerosols.
How soon do the first sy appear when exposed to incapacitating agents
30 min to several hours
What is the standard incapacitant in the US
3-quin-ucli-dinyl benz-ilate (BZ)
What is rhe drug of choice for incapacitating agents
Physo-stig-mine (results show in 4 hrbut must be cont.)
What are 2 categories of harassing agents.
Lacrimators/vomiting agents.
What are 2 types of tear gas
Chloracetophenone (CN) Orthochlorobenzilidine malanonitrile (CS) - more potent
What are 3 principle vommiting agents
Adamsite (DM) Di-phenyl-chloro-ar-sine (DA) Di-phenyl-cyan-o-ar-sine (DC)
How are vomiting agents released
Aerosols
What are sy/sx of vomiting agents
Strong pepper-like irritation in upper respiratory tract Burning in nose/throat Hyper Salivation Headache
Why do victims of vomiting agents tend to remove their mask
Sy increase for several min in spite of adequate protection.
How should duties be carried out when exposed to vomiting agents
As vigorously as possible
What first aid is given for vomiting agents
Wash and rinse w/water Mild analgesic may be given for headache (recov within 1-3 hr)
What are the characteristics of white phosphorus (WP)
Pale/Waxy solid Ignites on contact with o2 Gives off hot, dense smoke Composed of phosphorus pentoxide particles
What treatment should be rendered when burning particles of (WP) embed in the skin
Covered with water Wet cloth or mud 0.5% solution of copper sulfate may be used as a rinse but not a dressing.
What are 3 levels of decon
Immediate Operational Thorough
