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history > RUSSIA - stalins rise to power and dictatorship 1924-41 > Flashcards

RUSSIA - stalins rise to power and dictatorship 1924-41 Flashcards

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1
Q

the 4 rivals to be leader of USSR

A
  1. stalin
  2. Trotsky
  3. zinoview and kamenev
  4. bukharin
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2
Q

stalin pros and cons for throne

A

PROS
- his position as general secretary
- reprectful to rivals - there were no extreme view on him

CONS
- Lenin’s testament criticised his rudeness and want for power
- boring

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3
Q

Trotskys pros and cons for throne

A

PROS
- brilliant speaker
- close comrade to lenin in civial war
- leadership lead to red victory of civil war

CONS
- arrogant and bossy
- used to be a Menshevik
- lack of supporters outside military

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4
Q

key steps to stalin as leader

A
  1. stalin took lead role at Lenin’s funeral (Trotsky was too ill to attend)
  2. stalin worked with zinoview and kamenev and bukharin to undermine Trotsky
  3. economic difficulties put pressure on NEP which Bukharin supported
  4. this made stalin switch to arguing for rapid industialisation
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5
Q

what were the purges

A

continuation of bolsheviks use of violence to eliminate their oppositions

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6
Q

Kirov’s assassination - the purges

A
  • one of stalins closest allies but wanted a change of farming policies
  • but stalin suspected he wanted to take leadership from him and therefore assassinated him dec 1934
  • stalin blamed it on Trotsky
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7
Q

reasons for the purges

A
  1. stalins fear of Kirov so he killed him to remove popular rival
  2. following Lenin’s example as he did the red terror during the civil war
  3. stalin was paranoid - wanted to maintain his power
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8
Q

nature of purges

A
  1. attacks on the party and gov
  2. mass terror (yezhov) - forced those arrested to name others
    3.use of gulags - labour camps
  3. forced confessions - tortured until they did
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9
Q

consequences of the purges

A
  1. FEAR - purges terrified ppl into dominance
  2. CHAOS - loss of experienced gov ppl
  3. WEAK ARMED FORCES - the purges killed off most experienced soldiers
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10
Q

who were the NKVD

A
  • stalins secret police
  • received quotas for the number of mimics they arrested
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11
Q

2 types of Stalin’s terror

A
  1. secret police - new version of the Cheka
  2. gulags - labour camps used top get confessions
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12
Q

conditions of the gulags

A
  • thin uniforms
  • miserable food and shacks to live in
  • physical labour every day
  • camps all across the USSR
  • used to extract and build infrastructure for the SU
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13
Q

how did the soviets use propaganda and censorship with the media

A
  • films - false sense of what was going on
  • artist and writers - paid to make it look amazing in SU
  • photos only showed lenin (got rid of Trotsky)
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14
Q

how did the soviets use propaganda and censorship with education and religion

A

EDUCATION
- new curriculum praising stalin
- school text books had to be approved by the state

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15
Q

the new constitution of 1936 pros and cons

A

PROS
- everyone allowed to vote
- secret votes not our in open
- guaranteed workers rights to holidays, health, housing etc.

CONS
- only one party to vote for
- all rights could be ignored by secret police
- stalin ignored and ran USSR as a dictatorship

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16
Q

features about the cult of stalin

A
  • he was on posters with happy ppl, sucessful farms and modern factories
  • he thought of himself as the best person to continue Lenin’s ideas
  • images shown of him surrounded by happy children - father figure
17
Q

reasons for the cult of stalin

A
  • gave soviets comfort that this hardship was worth it and they were building SOCIALISM together
  • to gain support for the regime
18
Q

how was the cult of Stalin achieved

A
  • art
  • propaganda
  • books, poems, plays
19
Q

zinoviev and kamenev pros and cons for throne

A

pros
- z party boss in petrograd and k in moscow
- worked closely together - strength
cons
- only 2 bolsheviks to oppose to lenins plan to sieze power

20
Q

bukharin pros and cons for throne

A

pros
- very popular in party
- exellent writer
cons
- argued strongly against the treaty of brest litovsk - later used against him
- main supporter of NEP which bolsheviks saw as capitalist

history (24 decks)

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