Russia b4 Feb 1917 Flashcards
How large is Russia in terms of the globes surface?
1/6th of the globes surface
Name the russian population by 1917
How much of them are russian?
Just under 135 million population
Less than half are Russian.
What number is Russia in terms of the largest industrial power?
5th largest industrial power in the world
How many factories were in Russia by 1917?
How many workers were there?
c. 25,000 factories
c. 3 million workers
The Empires population quadrupled from ____ to ____ between 1867 and 1917
The Empires population quadrupled from 7 to 28 million between 1867 and 1917
How many strikes were there in 1913?
over 2000 strikes
Describe the rule of Russia in 1917
Autocracy with the Tsar having the divine right to rule. A police state controlled by the Okhrana with unlimited power to exile or imprisonment.
Russia had the worlds largest army. How many were there in 1914?
6 million
What significant political event occurred in 1905?
Why was it limited?
Tsar was pressured into the October manifesto where the Duma was created.
It was limited by the Fundamental laws passed in April 1906 which reaffirmed the autocracy.
When did the Romanov Dynasty begin?
1613
What political mindset did Nicholas’ father and grandfather have?
What important event solidified his ideology?
Grandfather= reformist
Father= reactionary
At 12, his grandfather was blown up by a revolutionary bomb
Describe Nicholas’ character
Shy, awkward in public. He never wanted to be king and preferred the private family life as an escape. yet he was also stubborn and hated confrontation so would dismiss minister behind their back
Who was Nicholas’ wife and why was she significant?
Alexandra was German and supported Rasputin, a womanising, drunk priest.
What loss in ww1 occured in August 1914 ?
Where?
How many were dead or wounded?
Battle of Tannenberg
East Prussia
300,000 dead or wounded
How many men were mobilized between 1914-1917?
12 million- mostly peasants
In 1914 the infantry had how many rifles per 3 soldiers?
In 1914 there is 2 rifles per 3 soldiers
When was the Russian artillery limited to 2/3 shells per day
1915
In 1916 how many deserted the Russian army?
1.5 million
In 1915 name the two unsuccessful attempt at a government
Unsuccessful= Zemgor chaired by Prince Lvov in June
Progressive Bloc in August
What disastrous choice did Nicholas make involving the Army?
In Sept 1915, the Tsar appointed himself Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army and Navy.
Name some examples of changes to the ministers in 1915/16
4 prime ministers
3 Foreign Secretaries
3 Ministers of Defence
6 Interior Ministers
When and how was Rasputin Murdered?
Dec 1916 by Prince Yusupov
Describe the economic state of Russia in 1917
Increased Taxes
Huge Loans
Massive inflation
Money was worthless
Describe the food state in 1917
Acute huger/famine
Peasants hoarded food not sold it
Long ques of bread with foodstuff being left on the roadside
In 1917 how much did the cost of living rise?
300%
In January 1917 how many workers went on strike in moscow and Petrograd.
Petrograd= 145,000 Moscow= 30,000
How did the ordinary people view the Tsars reign?
Everyday grumblings about the reign but overall patriotic at heart
How did political men suggest to remove the Tsar?
1916 Aleksandr Guchkov talked to senior army officers about a coup.
jan 1917,Prince Lvov asked Tsars Uncle if he was prepared to take over the throne
Name 4 facts you could use in a war paragraph
Artillery 2/3 shells a day by 1915 Battle of Tannenberg- 300k dead or wounded 1.5 million dissertation 12m strong army - but least educated Great Retreat
Name 4 facts you could use in a political paragraph
1905 October Manifesto- creation of Duma- Stolypin led to 37k political crime deaths
15/16 4PM, 3 foreign secretaries, 3 ministers of defense
Failed progressive Bloc 236/442
Name 4 facts you could use in a social/economic paragraph
30,000 on strike in Jan, half of moscow workforce by Feb
300% rise in cost of living
200% inflation
Petrograd receive 48% of grain requirements
5th largest industreil power
Name 4 facts you could use in a tsars actions pargraph
15 commander in chief Stubborn/shy dismissed ppl behind their back Alexandra= german Rasputin use of Okrana and 250k in prision
