Dictatorship and Stalinism

Question 1

When was the Cheka set up?

Answer 1

set up in Dec 1917

Question 2

When was the OGPU operating?

Answer 2

1922-1934

Question 3

When was the NKPD set up?

Answer 3

1934

Question 4

Name the 2 main periods of Terror

Answer 4

Chistka 1932-1935

Yezhovschchina 37-38

Question 5

When were the Shakhty Trials?

Answer 5

1928

Question 6

How many were executed from the Shakhty Trials?

What were they charged of?

Answer 6

5/53

counter-revolutionary activity

Question 7

When were the Industriel Party Trials?

Who was involved?

Answer 7

1930

Random industrialists, Mensheviks and SR

Question 8

When was the Metro-Vickers Trial?

Who was involved?

Answer 8

1933

Brit specialist accused of wrecking activity

Question 9

When was the first major show trial?

Answer 9

19-24th of August 1936

Zinoviev and Kamenev involved

Question 10

When were labour camps first built?

Answer 10

1918

Question 11

What was the national network of camps and when were they set up

Answer 11

Gulags

1934

Question 12

What decree was passed a day after Kirov’s death?

Answer 12

Yogoda, head of NKVD power 2 arrests and execute guilty of ‘terrorist plotting’

Question 13

What rule was passed in January 1935?

Answer 13

death penalty extended 2 anyone aware of subversive activity

Question 14

What rule was passed in April 1935?

Answer 14

children 12+ get = punishment as adults eg death penalty

Question 15

When did Stalin’s 2nd wife commit suicide?

Answer 15

1932

Question 16

Who did Nadezhda Alliluyeva support that Stalin disagreed with?

Answer 16

Bukharin

Question 17

What occurred at the 17th Party Congress 1934?

Answer 17

title of general secretary abolished/ Replace with Secretary of Equal rank= S Kirov Zhdanov and Kaganovich

Question 18

Name 5 reasons for state terror

Answer 18

Threat of Hitler
The famine of 1932/33
Stalin  idealised view as himself a hero = why he removes old bolsheviks
Power of NKVD
Death of Stalin's wife
Secure loyalty +power

Question 19

When was Martemyan Ryutin expelled from the party?

Answer 19

1930

Question 20

What did Martemyan Ryutin circulate around the party in March 1932?

Answer 20

200-page document

‘Stalin and the Crisis of the Proletarian Dictatorship’

Question 21

What was the Ryutin issue known as and what did it call for?

Answer 21

Pyutin Platform

Called for removal of Stalin

Question 22

How was Ryutin and others treated?

Answer 22

Stalin wanted execution but overridden by Kirov etc
= Ryutin imprisoned 4 10 years,
Z K and 14 other expelled 4 not reporting doc.

Question 23

What did Yezhov do?

What were his nicknames from Stalin and the public?

Answer 23

head of purges
S= my blackberry
P=bloodthirsty dwarf (1.5m tall)

Question 24

When was Trotsky expelled from the USSR?

Answer 24

1929

Question 25

When was Kirov killed?

Answer 25

December 1934

Question 26

What % of the central commitee at the 17th Party Conference were shot and arrested?

Answer 26

70%

Question 27

How many NKVD members were executed by the end of the 1930s?

Answer 27

c.23,000

Question 28

In the years 1937-1938; how many were arrested?

Answer 28

8 million

Question 29

In the years 1937-1938; how many were killed in the camps?

Answer 29

8 million

Question 30

In the years 1937-1938; how many were killed in the famine?

Answer 30

7 million

Question 31

How many were expelled from the party in 1932 and why?

Answer 31

22% 
as they were illiterate and inactive working-class and peasants

Question 32

By 1934 how much of the Party was branded Ryuntinites and expelled?

Answer 32

1/5

Question 33

When was the Stalin Constitution?

Who wrote it?

Answer 33

1936

Bukharin

Question 34

Name some condition of the Stalin constitution?

and why did it fail?

Answer 34

socialism had been achieved USSR =
11 soviet republic.
Congress of Soviets= Supreme Soviets. 4 yearly elections for all over 18
Freedom of free speech religion and press
NOT UPHELD
The Supreme Soviet met a couple of days year.

Question 35

1935-1938 the terror was responsible for how my death?

Answer 35

10m soviets

10% of the population

Question 36

How many votes did Kirov get compared to Stalin during the 17th PC ?

Answer 36

Kirov=1225

Stalin=927