Economy + Social in early 1920s

Question 1

What economy did Lenin promise when he came to power?

Answer 1

Socialist economy

Question 2

Name the Phase Lenin created to transfer the economy between capitalism and socialism

Answer 2

State Capitalism

Question 3

Name 5 things the Bolsheviks established to get a greater control of the economy

Answer 3

Nationalisation of the Banks in Dec 1917,
External Trade in June 1918
Railways June/Sept 1918
Vershenka in Dec 1917
GOELRO 1920 to control electricity

Question 4

Describe the problems with State Capitalism associated with workers

Answer 4

Workers organised factories ineffectively, give themselves pay rises and output shrunk
Workers would use resources to sell on the black market

Question 5

State the bread rations in Petrograd in early 1918.

Answer 5

Early 1918 bread rations in Petrograd was 50g per day per person

Question 6

How much of the city food consumed came from the black market?

Answer 6

Up to 2/3rds of food consumed in the cities came from the black market

Question 7

How much of the Petrograd workforce left the city by April 1918

Answer 7

60% of the Petrograd workforces left the city by April 1918

Question 8

Between January 1917-1919 how much did the Urban Proletariat drop?

Answer 8

Between Jan 1917-1919 the Urban Proletariat declined 3.6 million to 1.4 million

Question 9

How many people died during the Civil War ignoring on the battlefield?

Answer 9

About 5 million

Question 10

How many people died on the battlefield during the Civil War?

Answer 10

More than 350,000

Question 11

When did a Typhus epidemic occur and how many did it kill?

Answer 11

1920

3 million

Question 12

How often did Kiev change hands

Answer 12

16 times

Question 13

What were the White pogroms?

Answer 13

Massacres of the Jews

Question 14

Name the radical policy put in place during the Civil War

Answer 14

War Communism

Question 15

What was set up to control the grain requisition and when?

Answer 15

Food Supplies Dictatorship May 1918

Question 16

How did the peasants react to the Cheka who seized the grain, often more than the quota and for no money in exchange.

Answer 16

Peasants grew less grains and murdered members of the requisition squads

Question 17

What was the first industry to be nationalised and when?

Answer 17

May 1918

The Sugar Industry

Question 18

When were most the industries nationalised ?

Answer 18

Nov 1920

Question 19

Private Trade and manufacture were banned. Workers freedom from the Nov 17 decree was removed and managers than were previously removed were reinstated

Answer 19

x

Question 20

Describe the labour discipline during the CW

Answer 20

Strikes were forbidden, Working hours were extended and ration books replaced wages.
Fines were imposed for slackness and hard work was rewarded by bonuses.

Question 21

In 1921 total industrial output had fallen to how much of its pre-war level

Answer 21

c.20 %

Question 22

By the end of 1920 how much had the population of Petrograd and Moscow fallen compared to 1917.

Answer 22

Petrograd fell by 57.5%

Moscow fell by 44.5%

Question 23

How much of the land was abonded to grass by 1920

Answer 23

1/3rd

Question 24

What percentage of produce of the harvest of 1921 compared to 1913?

Answer 24

48%

Question 25

What was the Russian Population in 1913 and 1921

Answer 25

1913- 170.9 million

1921- 130.9 million