ruminant/swine oral dz (pelzer)

Question 1

Stomatitis (definition + CS)

Answer 1

inflammation of oral mucosa
- increased salivation, decr. app, dysphagia, abnormal odor, vesicles

Question 2

Chemical irritants vs. physical trauma causing Stomatitis

Answer 2

Chemical irritants
- caustic materials (PO Ca2+ supplements; foot bath chemicals; dehorning paste)
- uremia

Physical trauma
- course feed
- ingestion of plants (e.g., foxtails)
- medication admin

Question 3

Infectious etiologies of stomatitis (9)

Answer 3

• Vesicular stomatitis
• MCF
• Bluetongue
• Bovine papular stomatitis
• Contagious Ecthyma, orf, sore mouth
• BVD

Foreign:
- FMD
- Rinderpest
- Vesicular exanthema of swine

Question 4

MCF vs BVD

Answer 4

NO ocular lesions in BVD

Question 5

Bluetongue
- transmission
- pathogenesis

Answer 5

Orbivirus transmitted spread by Culicoides spp. (gnats) –> causes cyanosis of tongue b/c of vasculitis and pulmonary edema

Question 6

The number 1 cause of a foreign disease outbreak investigation + species affect and clinical signs

Answer 6

Bovine Papular Stomatitis
- calves -> ulcerated areas on nose, gingival areas, dental pad, hard palate, along the teeth

Question 7

Contagious Ecthyma, Orf, Sore Mouth
- causitive agent, pathogenesis, clinical signs + affected species

Answer 7

Orf Virus
- viral, pustular dermatitis of young sheep and goats
- Primary lesions @ mucocutaneous junction of lips & around erupting incisor teeth; feet & around coronet

Question 8

Cow can’t retract tongue back in. Tongue is hard/rigid. Top differential? Pathogenesis?

Answer 8

Woody Tongue
- Breaks in oral mucosa –> Actinobacillus lingieresii invades
- Tx = IV sodium iodide; alternative tx = sulfas & tetracyclines
- Sulfur granules (seen on path)

CS: inability to apprehend food, excessive salivation, tongue may protrude, tongue feels hard, may also feel nodular

Question 9

Lumpy Jaw
- pathogenesis
- clinical signs
- tx

Answer 9

Question 10

What happened here?

Answer 10

Mandible that was moth-eaten by Actinomyces bovis in Lumpy Jaw (osteomyelitis)

Question 11

Traumatic Pharyngitis

Answer 11

• Caused iatrogenically, or by ingestion of sharp objects
• CS = swelling of throat latch area (lesion is towards back of mouth); fever; abmormal chewing/swallowing, hypersalivation; inhalation pneumonia, bad breath (due to necrotic tissue); bloat (if vagus n. gets damaged)
• Tx = Abx + NSAIDs

Question 12

When do 1st pair of permanent incisors erupt?

Answer 12

1.5 years

Question 13

When does 2nd pair of permanent incisors erupt?

Answer 13

2.5 years

Question 14

When does 3rd pair of permanent incisors erupt?

Answer 14

3.5 years

Question 15

When does 4th pair of permanent erupt?

Answer 15

4.5 years

Question 16

When do small ruminants’ 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th permanent incisors erupt by?

Answer 16

Question 17

Wave Mouth

Answer 17

condition in older small ruminants where upper arcade tooth continues to grow due to missing lower arcade tooth (molar) –> can dig into gum & gingiva