Ruminant Neuromuscular Diseases Flashcards
CAE
Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis
* reportable disease
* dairy goats most commonly affected
* transmitted via milk or fomites (needles)
* no treatment
CAE
Clinical Signs
Less than 4 months
* neurological signs
Adults
* arthritis
* pneumonia
* mastitis
Nervous Coccidiosis
- Affects calves, young cows, sheep and goats
- GI infected with coccidia - produces neurotoxins
PEM
Polioencephalomalacia
* softening of the gray matter in the brain
* see in young, rapidly growing animals
* treat with thiamine injection (deficiency) - 50% mortality if not treated
PEM
C/S
- Sawhorse appearance
- Aggression
- Hyperexcitable
- Star-gazing
Listeriosis
Etiology
Caused by bacteria Listeria monocytogenes
Listeriosis
C/S
- Circling
- Head pressing
- Head tilt
- Facial paralysis
TSE
Transmissible Spongiform
Encephalopathy
* also called Scrapie
* reportable disease
* caused by Prion protein
* suffolk sheep most commonly affected
* prevent with genetic testing
* no treatment - fatal disease / flock slaughter
Tetanus
When to Vaccinate
- Vaccinate 1 month before parturition
- Kids / Lambs vaccinate starting at 6-8 weeks of age
- Wounds or Surgery - very susceptible to tetanus
Rabies
2 Forms
Furious
* hyperexcitability
* fear / rage
Dumb
* most common form
* paralytic
* depression
Compartment Syndrome
Occurs in cattle who have been down for over 6 hours
* commonly affects hind limbs
* necrosis of tissues
Dystocia
Difficult birth
* damage to the obturator nerve
* splaying of the hind legs
Management Options
for Down Cow
- Hip lifters
- Slings
- Float tanks
Foot Rot
Interdigital ulceration
* occurs in wet / muddy environments
* fever can develop with abscesses
Foot Rot
Etiology
Caused by
* Fusobacterium necrophorum
* Dichelobacter Nodosus
