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Clase de Espanol 123+124 2024 > Rules/Las Reglas > Flashcards

Rules/Las Reglas Flashcards

1
Q

H

A

Is silent

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2
Q

B & V

A

Same pronounciation

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3
Q

Days of the week and months

A

aren’t captailized

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4
Q

When responding negatively to a Q

A

Say No twice i.e “No,no es intersante”

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5
Q

P

A

Pronounced like the Eng. p w/o the puff of air that follows i.e Pesos

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6
Q

T

A

Place tip of tongue against the back of the upper teeth, i.e Optimista

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7
Q

C

A

C b4 the consonant “a”, “o”, “u”, is pronounced like “K” i.e Carro

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8
Q

C

A

B4 “e” or “i” is pronounced like “c” i.e Cena

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9
Q

Que

A

B4 “e” or “i” is pronounced like “K”

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10
Q

S & Z

A

Pronounced as “s” i/e Zeta

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11
Q

The letter “Y” changes to “E” when it precedes a word beginning with the “I” sound

A
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12
Q

Spanish words are typically linked together in normal speech. If a Spanish word ends in a consonant and the next word begins with a vowel, that consonant forms a syllable with the following vowel.

A
  1. Nosotros hablamos español.
  2. Practicamos en la clase.
  3. Ellos estudian español.
  4. Ellas enseñan a las ocho.
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13
Q

If a word ends in A,E, orOand the next word begins with one of these vowels, but not the same one, the resulting combination is linked.

A
  1. Ana es optimista.
  2. Paco está en la clase.
  3. No habla español
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14
Q

If a word ends in a vowel and the next word begins with the same vowel sound, the two vowels are linked in careful speech. In rapid speech, the two vowels are pronounced as one.

A
  1. una amiga americana
  2. ocho horas
  3. estudia alemán
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15
Q

When two words are linked by any combination ofa,e, orowithioru, the vowels form a diphthong, which is pronounced as one syllable.

A
  1. mi amigo
  2. la universidad
  3. la historia
  4. habla inglés
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16
Q

Adjectives of nationality are not capitalized in Spanish

A

cubano/a
dominicano/a
etc

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17
Q

The adjective is found after the noun= Noun>Adjective

A

i.e La profesora (noun) es interesante (adjec)

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18
Q

Must agree in gender and number w/ pronouncs it describes

A

Adjectives

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19
Q

The (def. article)

A

1) El, masc, singular
2)La , fem, singular
3)Los, masc, plural
4)Las, fem, plural

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20
Q

A, an, some (indef. article)

A

1) Un, masc. singular
2) Una, fem, singular
3) Unos, masc, plural
4) Unas, fem, plural

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21
Q

Ending in -o

A

Masculino

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22
Q

Ending in -a

A

Feminino

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23
Q

All the words that modify a noun must have the same gender

A

adjectives

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24
Q

Ending in -dad, ción, sión

A

Feminino, la, una

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25
Q

Ending in -ma

A

Masculinio, el, un

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26
Q

To make consonant ending feminine

A

Add “a”

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27
Q

Ending in -ante, ente

A

Fem or masc

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28
Q

Use def. articles when talking about someone

A

i.e El profesor Campos es el director del laboratorio

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29
Q

Ending -s to form plural nouns that end in a vowel

A

i.e Libros

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30
Q

Ending -es to nouns ending in a consonant

A

i.e

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31
Q

Nouns that end -z change to -c b4 es

A

i.e Lapices

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32
Q

Sometimes lost of accent occurs

A
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33
Q

Mixed groups use masc. plural forms

A

i.e Los chicos

34
Q

Estar + adjective

A

expresses a change from the norm, a condition, or how the
speaker feels about or perceives a person, object, or experience.
i.e Jorge está delgado. Jorge is/looks thin.
63

35
Q

Estar (ehs- stahr)

A

To be; location, emotions, states of being (temporary)

36
Q

Ser (sehr)

A

To be; to identify, describe, personality, nationality, when/where an event is taking place, permanent
1)Comó es ella
2)Ella es Jamaicana
3) La clase es a las nueve

37
Q

Ser+de

A

Express origin, possession, or material of something i.e
1) Cinia es de Estados Uninidos
2)el reloj es de oro

38
Q

The adjectives ___, ____, and___ are always used with estar.

A

contento/a, cansado/a, and enojado/a

39
Q

Some adjectives have one meaning with ser and another with estar.

A

1)Ese señor es malo.
That man is bad/evil.
2)Ese señor está malo. That man is ill.
3)La profesora es aburrida. The professor is boring.
4)La profesora está aburrida. The professor is bored

40
Q

De quién

A

A
Whose, i.e
1) De quién es el apartamento?
2) Es de…

41
Q

Possessive ads

A

1) Modify nouns to express possession
2) Always precede the noun they modify
i.e mi amigo

42
Q

Adjectives change number to agree with what is possessed, not the possessor

A

i.e Mis clases

43
Q

Nosotros/as y vuestros/as forms must agree also in gender

A

i.e Nuestras amigas

44
Q

Su and sus have multiple meanings.

A

Use DE+ the name of possessor i.e la compañera de Jorge

45
Q

Su and sus have multiple meanings.

A

Use the appropriate noun instead of su/sus i.e la compañera de ella

46
Q

Su and sus have multiple meanings.

A

Use “usted” or “ustedes”
1) el libro de usted
2) el libro de ustedes

47
Q

Su and sus have multiple meanings.

A

Use “sus” instead
1) sus libros

48
Q

Gustar

A

to be pleasing, to fascinate, to like
Use: ME GUSTA+INFINITIVE
Use: NO ME GUSTA+ INFINITIVE

49
Q

To express that u like someone or something

A

Use: ME GUSTA+ SINGULAR NOUN
Use: ME GUSTAN+ PLURAL NOUN

50
Q

To ask people what they like

A

Use: TE GUSTA(N) (informal)
Use: LE GUSTA(N) (formal)

51
Q

To state what another person likes

A

Use: A+ NAME(S) OF PERSON(S) + LE GUSTA(N)
Used to emphasize

52
Q

When talking about the preferences of more than one person

A

Use: A+ NAMES + LES GUSTA(N)

53
Q

Sentence structures 1

A

Subject: What’s pleasing
Object: The person pleased

54
Q

Sentence structures 2

A

Conjugated to agree with subject

55
Q

Sentence structures 3

A

Indirect object pronoun agrees with object

56
Q

Sentence structures 4

A

Order of phrases can be changed to mention the object 1st i.e
le gustan las matematicas

57
Q

Sentence structures 5

A

Gusta + infinitive, third person singular
Gusta form is always used

58
Q

Sentence structures 6

A

Verbs that use gustar sentence structure
-encantar
-faltar
-fascinar
-interesar
-molestar
-parcecer
-quedar

59
Q

Forms of gustar for clarity and emphasis

A

-A mí (no) me gusta
-A tí (no) te gusta
-A (name) le gusta

60
Q

Adjectives change number to agree with what is possessed, not the possessor

A

i.e Mis clases

61
Q

Nosotros/as y vuestros/as forms must agree also in gender

A

i.e Nuestras amigas

62
Q

Su and sus have multiple meanings.

A

Use DE+ the name of possessor i.e la compañera de Jorge

63
Q

Su and sus have multiple meanings.

A

Use the appropriate noun instead of su/sus i.e la compañera de ella

64
Q

Su and sus have multiple meanings.

A

Use “usted” or “ustedes”
1) el libro de usted
2) el libro de ustedes

65
Q

Su and sus have multiple meanings.

A

Use “sus” instead
1) sus libros

66
Q

Gustar

A

to be pleasing, to fascinate, to like
Use: ME GUSTA+INFINITIVE
Use: NO ME GUSTA+ INFINITIVE

67
Q

To express that u like someone or something

A

Use: ME GUSTA+ SINGULAR NOUN
Use: ME GUSTAN+ PLURAL NOUN

68
Q

To ask people what they like

A

Use: TE GUSTA(N) (informal)
Use: LE GUSTA(N) (formal)

69
Q

To state what another person likes

A

Use: A+ NAME(S) OF PERSON(S) + LE GUSTA(N)
Used to emphasize

70
Q

When talking about the preferences of more than one person

A

Use: A+ NAMES + LES GUSTA(N)

71
Q

Sentence structures 1

A

Subject: What’s pleasing
Object: The person pleased

72
Q

Sentence structures 2

A

Conjugated to agree with subject

73
Q

Sentence structures 3

A

Indirect object pronoun agrees with the object

74
Q

Sentence structures 4

A

The order of phrases can be changed to mention the object 1st i.e
le gustan las matematicas

75
Q

Sentence structures 5

A

Gusta + infinitive, third person singular
Gusta form is always used

76
Q

Sentence structures 6

A

Verbs that use gustar sentence structure
-encantar
-faltar
-fascinar
-interesar
-molestar
-parcecer
-quedar

77
Q

Forms of Gustar for clarity and emphasis

A

-A mí (no) me gusta
-A tí (no) te gusta
-A (name) le gusta

78
Q

The letter Y changes to Ewhen it precedes a word beginning with the I sound (which may include words that start with I)

A

I.e inglés y español, but español einglés; inteligente y agradable, but agradable einteligente

79
Q

Words that are stressed on the next-to-last syllable have no written accent if they end inn,s, or a vowel. They do have a written accent if they end in any other letter.

A

i.e examen, casas, cena
sopa, lechuga, tomate


80
Q

Remember, words stressed on the next-to-last syllable have an accent mark if they do not end inn,s, or a vowel. The following words are outside these parameters and therefore must carry an accent.

A

i.e lápiz, útil, débil, mártir, Félix, carácter

81
Q

All words that are stressed on the third syllable from the end of the word must have a written accent.

Interrogative and exclamatory words have a written accent on the vowel of the stressed syllable. For example, in the interrogative wordcómo,a written accent is needed over the stressedoof the first syllable.

A

Cómo, etc

Clase de Espanol 123+124 2024 (36 decks)

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