Rubins- Eye Flashcards
most common cause of exophthalmos?
hyperthyoidism- Graves disease
T/F thyroidectomy would help in graves disease
FALSE- suprisingly it would hurt
what are the usual glands obstructed in an hordeolum (sty)?
glands of zeis
sometimes the meibomian glands
what can a hordeolum lead to?
a chalazion (chronic painless nodule)
what condition:
“single or multiple soft yellow plaques in nasal aspect of upper and lower eyelids”
xanthelasma
what disease leads to xanthelasma? what cells are seen?
patients with hyperlipidemia
foam cells
what is it called when the upper cornea becomes fibrous and vascular in a trachoma infection?
a pannus
what causes inclusion blennorrhea?
chlamydia infection of neonate going through infected birth canal
what condition
“fold of vascularized conjunctiva that grows horizontally onto the cornea in the shape of an insect wing “
pterygium
what condition
“yellowish conjunctival lump usually located nasal to corneoscleral limbus”
pinguecula
what disease do you see lipshutz bodies?
reactive HSV1 infection
what disease do you see disciform keratitis?
reactive HSV1 infection
what disease do you see descemetocele?
reactive HSV1 infection
what disease
“associated with dominant mutations in KRT3 or KRT12 genes. Mutations result in aggregations of abnormal cytokeratin filaments and severely impair cytoskeletal function in the affected cells”
meesmann dystrophy
what disease
“TACSTD2 gene is mutated and amyloid is found beneath the corneal epithelium in gelantinous drop like deposits”
familial subepithelial cornea dystrophy
what can mutations in a heat shock transcritpion factor 4 gene lead to?
cataracts
what are cynechiae?
adhesions between the iris and either the lens or anterior chamber angle
what condition can lead to mikilicz syndrome (bilateral enlargement of lacrimal and salivary glands)
sarcoidosis
what type of hemorrhages and where are these located occur in central retinal vein occlusion
flame shaped hemorrhages in the nerve-fiber layer of the retina esp around optic disc
what disease do you see “copper wiring” then “silver wiring”?
hypertensive retinopathy
what is retinitis pigmentosa?
heritable cause of blindness
loss of retinal photoreceptors (rods and cones) and pigment accumulation in the retina
describe dry (nonexudative) macular degeneration
characterized by layering of extracellular material beneath the pigment layer of the retina leading to formation of drusen (degraded material)
describe wet (exudative) macular degeneration
choroidal neovascularization is accompanied by the leakage of fluid and blood into the subretinal space
what type of tumor in the eye causes a mushroom shaped mass due to bruch membrane invasion
malignant melanoma
