CNS-cerebrovascular disease & ischemic stroke Flashcards
how do you classify focal ischemic stroke
transient (less than 24 hours) ischemic stroke (more than 24 hours)
what causes a pale infarct at the periphery of the cortex?
thrombotic stroke due to rupture of an arterosclerotic plaque
what causes a hemorrhagic infarct at the periphery of the cortex?
embolic stroke due to thromboemboli
what do you see within 24 hours of an ischemic stroke
RED NEURONS (eosinophilic change in the cytoplasm of neurons)
what do you seen in 1day- 1 week of an ischemic stroke?
infiltration by neutrophils then microglial cells
what do you see 1 wk-1 mo after ischemic infarct
granulation like tissue creating fluid filled cystic space surrounded by gliosis
what classically causes intracerebral hemorrhage?
charcot bouchard microaneurysms of the lenticulostriate vessels
what is the most common site for intracerebral hemorrhage?
basal ganglia
what is the most frequent cuase of a subarchanoid hemorrhage?
rupture of a berry aneurysm
what are berry aneurysms?
thin walled saccular outpouchings that LACK a media layer which increase its risk of rupture
what is the most frequent location of berry aneurysm?
anterior circle of willis at branch points of the anterior communicating artery
what two diseases are associated with subarchnoid hemorrhage?
marfan and auto dom polycystic kidney disease
What are the usual symptoms of a lacunar infarct? What arteries are involved?
hemiparesis, sensory loss , dysarthria, ataxia
lenticulostriates
What are the usual symptoms of a posterior vertebral stroke?
vertigo, diplopia, nystagmus
sensory loss
hemiparesis
CN abnormalities
Occlusion of what artery typically causes “Locked in” syndrome?
basillar artery
