head&neck-GI pathology Flashcards
what disease
“recurrent aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers and uveitis. due to immune complex vasculitis involving small vessels”
behcet syndrome
what type of ulcer
“characterized by grayish base surrounded by erythema”
aphthous ulcer
what disease
“vesicles involving oral mucosa that rupture, resulting in shallow, painful, red ulcers”
oral herpes
what is the most common location for squamous cell carcinoma?
floor of the mouth
what 2 lesions are precursor lesions for squamous cell carcinoma?
oral leukoplakia and erythroplakia
if you have a white plaque in your mouth, how can you differentiate between causes?
if you can scrape it off-oral candidiasis
if its on the lateral side of the tongue-hairy leukoplakia
true leukoplakia
candidiasis
hairy leukoplakia
^which of the 3 are considered pre-malignant
only true leukoplakia
what is erythroplakia?
represents vascularized leukoplakia and highly suggestive of squamous cell dysplasia
what glands does the mumps usually infect
parotid glands
what 3 things can be see in a mumps infection
orchitis, pancreatitis, aseptic meningitis
what age group should you be worried about orchitis? why?
teenagers above 10
can lead to sterility
what is the most common cause of sialadenitis
obstructing stone leading to a staph infection
what is a pleomorphic adenoma
benign tumor composed of stromal and epithelial tissue
how does a pleomorphic adenoma present
usually in parotid
mobile, painless, circumscribed mass at the angle of the jaw
why does pleomorphic adenomas have high recurrence ratE?
because irregular borders make total resection difficult
what is one way to tell if a pleomorphic adenoma has progressed into carcinoma?
there is now pain (which means facial nerve was invaded)
what is a warthin tumor? where does it arise?
cystic tumor with lymphoid tissue
parotid
-abundant lymphocytes with germinal centers
what tumor
“malignant tumor composed of mucinous & squamous cells arising in the parotid”
mucoepidermoid carcinoma
After an infection, a patient notices a smooth lobulated, ulcerated mass of their gingiva, what is this?
a pyogenic granuloma
What pathogens cause acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis? What are the symptoms?
fusospirochetosis - fusiform bacilus and spirochete
-punched out erosions of interdental papillae
What cancer is notorious for causing petechiae of the gingiva?
acute monocytic leukemia
What tumor “slow growing salivary malignancy with a cribiform growth patter, tends to invade locally and recur after surgery”
adenoid cystic carcinoma
What is the most common cause of suppurative ottis media?
S pneumoniae
What is a major complication of a perforated tympanic membrane, due to an ottis media infection?
cholesteatoma - mass of accumulated keratin and squamous mucosa in the middle ear
What is the most common benign tumor of the middle ear?
jugulotympanic paraganglioma
What is the most common cause of conductive hearing loss?
otosclerosis
What is the triad in meniere disease? What is the cause
vertigo, sensineural hearing loss, tinnitus
-hydropic distention of endolymphatic system of cochlea
What is the most common cause of congenital hearing loss?
maternal infection with CMV or rubella
What is the most common cause of unilateral, postnatal hearing loss?
infection with mumps
What antibodies are present in wegners granulomatosis?
C-ANCA
Where in the body does wegners granulomatosis tend to affect?
respiratory tract, kidneys, lungs
-necrotizing, ulcerated mucosal lesions
