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Radiologic Technology > RT 103 Ch. 4, CA > Flashcards

RT 103 Ch. 4, CA Flashcards

1
Q

Name the main groups that anatomists divide the bones of the upper limbs or extremities into.

A

Hand
Forearm
Arm
Shoulder girdle

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2
Q

How many bones are in the hand?

A

27

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3
Q

Name the 3 groups that make up the 26 hand bones.

A

Phalanges - bones of digits (fingers and thumb)
Metacarpals - bones of the palm
Carpals - bones of the wrist

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4
Q

How many phalanges are in the digits?

A

14

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5
Q

Phalanges

A

long bones that consist of a cylindric body and articular ends.

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6
Q

How many phalanges in the first digit and name them?

A

2

proximal and distal

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7
Q

How many phalanges in the rest of the digits and name them?

A

2

proxima, middlel and distal

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8
Q

Metacarpals

A

Bones of the palm

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9
Q

How many metacarpal bones in the hand

A

5

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10
Q

Metacarpals

A

cylindric in shape and slightly concave anteriorly, form the palm of the hand.

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11
Q

What are metacarpal heads commonly referred to?

A

knuckles

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12
Q

What does the first metacarpals contain?

A

Two small sesamoid bones on its palmar aspect below the neck.

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13
Q

Proximal Row of the carpal bones

A

Scaphoid Navicular
Lunate Semilunar
Triquetrum Triquetral, cuneiform, or triangular
Pisiform (none)

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14
Q

Distal Row of the carpal bones

A

Trapezium Greater Multiangular
Trapezoid Lesser Multiangular
Capitate Os magnum
Hamate Unciform

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15
Q

How many carpal bones does the wrist have?

A

8

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16
Q

what is the largest bone in the proximal carapal row?

A

scaphoid

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17
Q

Lunate

A

articulates with the radius proximally and is easy to recognize because of its crescent shape.

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18
Q

Triquetram

A

roughly pyramidal and articulates anteriorly with the hamate

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19
Q

Pisoform

A

a pea-shaped bone situated anterior to the triquetrum and is easily palpated.

20
Q

Trapezium

A

has a tubercle and groove on the anterior surface

21
Q

Trapezoid

A

has a smaller surface anteriorly than posteriorly.

22
Q

Capitate

A

articulates with the base of the third metacarpal and is the largest and most centrally located carpal.

23
Q

Hamate

A

exhibits the prominent hook of hamate, which is located on the anterior surface.

24
Q

Which two carpals form the medial margin of of the carpal groove?

A

Hamate & Pisiform

25
Q

Anatomic Snuffbox

A

a depression formed by the tendons of the two major muscles of the thumb.

26
Q

What does the radial artery do?

A

Carries blood to the dorsum of the hand.

27
Q

What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone?

A

scaphoid

28
Q

What is a clinical sign of a scaphoid fracrure?

A

tenderness in the snuffbox area.

29
Q

Carpal Sulcus

A

formed by the anterior and palmar surface of the wrist and is concave from side to side.

30
Q

Flexor retinaculum

A

a strong fibrous band, attached medislly to the pisiform and hook of hamate and laterally to the tubercles of the scaphod and Trapezium

31
Q

Carpal tunnel

A

passageway created between the carpal sulcus and Flexor retinaculum

32
Q

what do the medium nerve and the flexor tendons have in common?

A

they pass through the carpal tunnel.

33
Q

What does carpal syndrome

A

results from compression of the medium nerve inside the carpal tunnel

34
Q

Forearm

A

contains two bones that lie parallel to each other , the radius and the ulna.

35
Q

What side of the forearm is the radius located on?

A

lateral

36
Q

What side of the forearm is the ulna located on?

A

medial

37
Q

Describe the body of the ulna

A

is long and slender and tapers inferiorly.

38
Q

Proximal process or olecranon process

A

concaves anteriorly and slightly inferiorly and forms the proximal portion of the of the trochlear notch

39
Q

coronoid process (more distal process)

A

projects anteriorly from the anterior surface of the body and curves slightly superiorly.

40
Q

Radial notch

A

located on the lateral aspect of the coronoid process

41
Q

head

A

distal end of the ulna and includes a rounded process on the lateral side.

42
Q

ulnar styloid process

A

narrower conic projection on the posteromedial side

43
Q

What separates the head and ulna from the wrist joint?

A

articular disk

44
Q

Proximal end of the radius

A

small and presents a flat disklike head above a constricted area called the neck.

45
Q

Radial tuberosity

A

roughed process just inferior to the neck on the medial side of the body of the radius.

46
Q

Radial styloid process

A

distal end of the radius , broad and flattened and has a conic projection on the lateral surface.

Radiologic Technology (15 decks)

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