RRT Questions: Pharmacology A Flashcards
What should the patient do when getting meds via SVN to enhance medication delivery?
1-3 second breath hold.
With large volume nebulizers, what should you do if the patient has thick secretions?
Add a heating element.
How many mg’s are in 1 mL of a 0.083% solution?
0.83 (Just move the decimal point to the right one place)
If you are giving an antibiotic, a bronchodilator, and a corticosteroid, what sequence do you give them in?
- Bronchodilator (and/or anticholinergic)
- Corticosteroid (don’t forget to rinse the mouth!)
- Antibiotics
What is the best way to control secretions?
Good hydration.
If a patient is allergic to penicillin, what should you NOT give?
Mucomyst
Mucomyst should not be given if pt is allergic to penicillin.
Before giving mucomyst, you should give ___.
A bronchodilator.
What does the abbreviation LTRA stand for?
Leukotrine Modifier
There are three LTRA’s. What are they?
Montelukast and Zileuton (for 12 y/o or older)
Zafirlukast (For 5 y/o or older)
What drug is recommended for exercise induced asthma and are given to prevent an asthma attack?
Mast cell stablizers. (Cromolyn Sodium)
For prevention of asthma, not for a current asthma attack.
What are the side effects to diuretics?
Hypokalemia, Hypochloremia, and metabolic alkalosis.
What is level 1 Modified Ramsay Scale?
What is level 3 Modified Ramsay Scale? (Optimal)
What is level 5 Modified Ramsay Scale?
1: Anxious (Needs more sedation)
3: Responds to verbal commands (Optimal)
5: Paralysed (Too much sedation)
Your patient’s current does of Albuterol is insufficient. Should you increase the dose or the frequency first?
First increase the dose until you hit the maximum.
Then increase the frequency.
What is a secondary use for Albuterol? (Not bronchodilation)
What dose should you use for this?
High doses (10 mg) treat hyperkalemia
What class of drug is Salmeterol?
LABA
What class of drug is Theophyline?
Methylxanthine
How do methylxanthines work?
They indirectly increase the amount of cyclic AMP, which causes bronchodilation.
Methylxanthines may also be known as ___.
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
What class of drug is Fluticasone?
Inhales Corticosteroid
What’s the brand name for Fluticasone?
Flovent
Name three potent, rescue anti-inflammatory steroids.
Prednisone, Methylprednisolone, Solu-Medrol
If you have an asthma patient in the ER who is declining, what drug should you give? (Besides albuterol)
Prednisone, Methylprednisolone, or Solu-Medrol.
Give these to Asthma patients only in an emergency.
What drug do you use to treat thrush?
Nystatin
What drug is especially indicated for patients with cystic fibrosis? (Not mucomyst)
Dornase Alfa
What class of drug should you give before giving Mucomyst?
A bronchodilator.
Name a non-steroidal drug that is used used for mild to moderate persistent asthma.
Montelukast
What class of drug is Montelukast?
Leukotrine Modifier
When would you give nebulized morphine?
Relieve dyspnea in end-stage COPD patients
What drug is used to treat Pneumocystis Jiroveci?
Pentamidine (NebuPent)
What kind of patients often get Pneumosystis jeroveci?
HIV/AIDS patients
What is used to administer Pentamidine?
Respirgard II
Name an adverse effect from Pentamidine.
Bronchospasm
Gram positive bacteria have names ending in ___.
You should treat them with ___ or ___.
-coccus
Pennicillin or keflex
Medications that treat gram negative bacteria have names ending in ___.
-acin
Medications that treat fungal infections have names ending in ___.
-azol
