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NBRC Questions > NBRC Laboratory Testing > Flashcards

NBRC Laboratory Testing Flashcards

1
Q

What is the normal level for WBC’s?

A

5-10 thousand

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2
Q

If the WBC count is increasing, the patient has a (bacterial/viral) infection.

A

Bacterial

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3
Q

If the WBC’s are decreasing, the patient has a (bacterial/viral) infection.

A

Viral

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4
Q

What type of WBC will you see increased in an allergic reaction?

A

Eosinophils

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5
Q

In general malaise, what should you check?

Especially ___. The normal level is ___.

A

Electrolytes (Especially potassium)

3.5-4.5

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6
Q

Any patient who is in metabolic alkalosis: Give ___.

A

Potassium

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7
Q

Hypokalemia is associated with what type of blood gas?

A

Metabolic Alkalosis

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8
Q

Hyperkalemia is associated with what type of blood gas?

A

Metabolic Acidosis

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9
Q

What is the normal level for sodium?

A

135-145 mEq/L

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10
Q

Chloride is a follower. When potassium goes down, chloride will go (up or down?)

A

Down

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11
Q

What is the normal level of chloride?

A

80-100 (Same as normal PaO2)

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12
Q

What is another name for total CO2?

A

Bicarbonate (HCO3-)

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13
Q

If your patient has increased CO2 content, then that means ___ is rising.
How would you treat it?

A

Bicarb (HCO3) is rising. (Not PaCO2)
Metabolic alkalsosis
Give potassium

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14
Q

___ is a specific indicator of damage to the heart muscle.

If levels are greater than ___, then the patient is having an MI.

A

Troponin

0.1 ng/mg

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15
Q

___ is secreted by the cardiac muscle when heart failure develops or worsens.
Normal value is ___

A

Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)

Less than 100 pg/mL

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16
Q

A good way to determine of a patient’s symptoms are the result of CHF or COPD is by checking this lab result:

A

Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)

Elevated levels above 100 pg/mL indicate CHF

17
Q

What do lactate levels indicate?

What is the normal lactate level?

A

Overall oxygen delivery to tissues.

4.5-20 mg/dL

18
Q

If lactate levels are falling, this indicates ___.

A

Falling: treatment is working.

19
Q

If lactate levels are rising, this indicates ___.

Answer is physiologic in nature

A

Rising: inadequate oxygen supply to tissue.

20
Q

What is the normal platelet count?

A

150 thousand to 400 thousand

150,000 - 400,000

21
Q

What is the normal APTT?

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time

A

24-32 seconds

22
Q

What is APTT used for?

A

Monitors heparin therapy.

Heparin is used for short-term anticoagulation

23
Q

What is Prothrombin Time (PT) used for?

A 
Monitors warfarin (Coumadin) therapy.
(Coumadin is used for long-term anticoagulation.)
24
Q

What is the normal Prothrombin Time (PT)?

A

12-15 seconds. (>30 sec may cause spontaneous bleeding)

25
Q

What is the normal value for International Normalized Ratio (INR)?
What is the normal INR if the patient is on warfarin?

A

Normal: 0.8-1.2

On warfarin: 2-3

26
Q

To identify what specific organism is causing an infection, what test should you use?
How long does it take to do this test?

A

Culture and sensitivity.

It will take 48-72 hours.

27
Q

To identify weather a bacteria is gram positive or gram negative, what type of test should be done?
How long will it take to do this test?

A

Gram Staining
10 minutes
(If the test asks for the best test to QUICKLY determine the cause of an infection, this is the answer.

28
Q

When would you do an Acid-Fast Staining test?

A

To test for tuberculosis.

29
Q

What is the normal Carboxyhemoglobin level in a non-smoker?
What is it in a smoker?
What is it in CO poisoning?

A

Non-smoker: 3% or less.
Smoker: 10% (A heavy smoker can get 15%)
CO poisoning: 20%.

30
Q

Name two renal lab results and their normal levels.

Which one is more specific for renal function?

A

Creatinine (Less than 1.3 mg/dL)
is more specific than
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) (Less than 20 mg/dL).

31
Q

Any time reported lab values do not match the patient’s physical condition, consider these three things:

A

Was the sample obtained correctly?
Was the sample processed correctly & promptly?
Were the results reported verbally?

32
Q

What is the normal value for CBC’s?
What’s the normal value for hemoglobin?
What’s the normal value for hematocrit?

A

Around 5 Million/mm3
Around 15 g/100 ml
Around 45%

33
Q

In acidosis, potassium will (rise/fall).

A

Potassium will rise.

34
Q

In alkalosis, potassium will (rise/fall).

A

Potassium will fall.

35
Q

Hypokalemia is associated with (acidosis/alkalosis)

A

Alkalosis

36
Q

Hyperkalemia is associated with (acidosis/alkalosis)

A

Acidosis

37
Q

Thrombocytopenia is characterized by a platelet count of less than ___.

A

50,000

38
Q

Thrombocytosis (high platelet count) is characterized by a platelet count of ___.

A

Greater than 1 million

NBRC Questions (22 decks)

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