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Year 3 River Restoration > RRC LECTURE > Flashcards

RRC LECTURE Flashcards

1
Q

What leads to poor resilience in rivers

A

Human disturbance

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2
Q

What processes drive rivers

A

Hydrology input and transport (flow)

Sediment input and transport (erosion and deposition)

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3
Q

How many rivers in Europe have alterations

A

Over 80%

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4
Q

What examples limit connectivity

A

Weird dams culverts

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5
Q

What features impact water quality

A

Agricultural industry urban runoff

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6
Q

What features impact hydrology

A

Abstraction drainage barriers reservoirs

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7
Q

What features impact morphology

A

Fine sediments, dredging, channelisation

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8
Q

What has been the historic way to manage rivers

A

Straighten, tame, dump waste, dam

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9
Q

What shows a highly natural river system

A

Floodplain connected with channel/sea with high degree of freedom

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10
Q

What is the most natural river management

A

Natural flood risk management

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11
Q

What is an example of a soft engineering scheme

A

Managed re alignment grip blocking re meandering

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12
Q

What are the natural drivers of change

A

Energy flow

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13
Q

What are the hydromorphilogocal processes

A

Erosion, deposition, runoff

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14
Q

What are nbs

A

Nature based solutions

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15
Q

What are constraints to restoration

A

Complexity, land, money, resources, energy, transport, built heritage, perception, ownership, water quality

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16
Q

What do u need to understand before a RRC project is taken out

A

Understand the hydrology sediment dynamics and water quality

17
Q

What are the two main restoration strategies for the RRC

A

Physical process diversity eg channel features, biological process diversity eg spawning and marginal habitats

18
Q

What are the benefits to restoring a river

A

Flood risk management, climate change resilience, access to wildlife, reduced maintenance cost, clean and safe environments, sustainable planning and redevelopment

19
Q

Why was the river breda straightened

A

For agriculture

20
Q

How was a new course created

A

Looked at the old course and went from there

21
Q

Why did the rrc want that area to flood

A

So the town downstream didnt flood

22
Q

What is the issue with farms next to rivers in terms of live stock

A

Cattle and grazers can erode bank

23
Q

What is the benefit in terms of long term ecological communities for development

A

Succession can take place in a restoration project

24
Q

What are the European directives for rivers

A

Urban wastewater treatment directive 1991
Habitats and species directive 1992
WFD 2000
Floods directive 2007

25
Q

What did the WFD target on rivers

A

Ecosystem quality

26
Q

What are the 5 scales of ecological status from the WFD

A

High, good, moderate, poor, and bad

27
Q

What does the WFD help to prevent

A

Further deterioration

28
Q

When are the stages of WFD cyclical implementation

A

2015 2021 2027

29
Q

What is GES

A

Good ecological status, for all water courses not impacted severely

30
Q

What is GEP

A

Good ecological potential, for all water courses that are artificial or heavily modified

31
Q

How many waters in the EU are in good ecological condition

A

40%

32
Q

What facots should be looked at first

A

Those impacting the current situation

33
Q

What do we need to understand about the river

A

How it would naturally function

34
Q

What is poor riparian vegetation

A

Himalayan balsam, nettles, oil seed rape

35
Q

What are the main 3 components to any river project

A

Physical, ecological, social

36
Q

What was the river skerne used as

A

A river demonstration project

37
Q

Who needs to be involved from the beginning

A

The community

Year 3 River Restoration (11 decks)

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