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NBDE 2 > RQs > Flashcards

RQs Flashcards

1
Q

CTE Resin

A

14-50

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2
Q

CTE almagam

A

22-28

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3
Q

: Most Cariogenic?

A

Sucrose ; S. Mutans adheres to (non shedding surface) bioflim on tooth by converting sucrose into an extremely adhesive substance called dextran polysaccharid.

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4
Q

: What helps in carious process but it is not the primary inititator for caries:

A

Lactobacillus

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5
Q

Which race has most caries in kid population?

A

Hispanics

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6
Q

CTE GIC

A

10.2-11.4

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7
Q

CTE Human Dentin

A

8.3

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8
Q

If you have pain, what would be the hardest to anesthetize?

A

Irreversible pulpitis and mandibular

mand molar > Mand pm > max molar > max pm

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9
Q

Chronic periradicular abscess indicates:

A

necrotic pulp

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10
Q

calcium hydroxide is contraindicated in pulpotomy in a child because it causes

A

irritation leading to resorption in primary teeth

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11
Q

In a primary tooth w/ apical infection the first radigrapoh sign is where?-

A

in the furcation.

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12
Q

Most common medication for pulpectomy/pulpotomy?

A

FOROMCRESOL

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13
Q

CTE Human Enamel

A

11.4

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14
Q

CTE Porcelin

A

12

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15
Q

CTE lowest to highest

A

Dentin (8.3) > GIC (10.2-11.4) > Human Enamel (11.4) >Porcelin (12) > Resin (14 - 50) > Amaglam ( 22-28) > Resin ( 14- 50 )

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16
Q

Did pulpotomy in a 7 yr old’s pulp exposed decayed tooth #30 why?

A

To allow completion of root formation (apexogenesis)

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17
Q

______: Create an apical barrier in a necrotic tooth with an open apex.

A

Apexification

Induce a calcified apical barrier by placing dense calcium hydroxide paste after the instrumentation. Canals are obturated when barrier is formed in 3–6 months.

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18
Q

____ : Vital pulp therapy performed to allow continued physiologic development and formation of the root.

A

Apexogenesis

Place calcium hydroxide over the radicular pulp stump. Recall every 3 months to check for pulpal status. RCT is indicated when the root development is completed.

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19
Q

apexification is done :

A

(non vital teeth with MTA),

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20
Q

pulpectomy is done:

A

pulpectomy (ZOE if apex is not closed in primary teeth) in pedo patients.

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21
Q

Bisposy of PARL s/p RCT shows: neutrophils, plasma cells, nonkeratanized stratified epithelieum (islands of), and fibrous connective tissue, likely dx?

A

granuloma

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22
Q

Extraradicular biofilm theory recommends endo with:

A

irrigate and debride

mechanochemical irrigation and debridement of the canal

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23
Q

Pt is 13 years old and has a non-vital maxillary central. The apex is still open what do you

A

Apexification

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24
Q

Avulsion of tooth with open apex ; EDT <60min tx? (or kept in soln)

A

Clean tooth w/saline
Irrigate socket w/saline
Gently replant
Stablize with FLEX splint 1 wk ( or min mobility)
Follow up apt for pulp vitality/root development
If vitality doesnt not return -> Apexififcation

Avulsion – 7-10 days non rigid splint, antibiotics

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25
Q

Avulsion of tooth with closed apex ; EDT <60min tx?

or kept in soln

A 
Clean tooth w/saline 
Irrigate socket w/saline
Gently replant
Stabilize with FLEX splint 1 wk ( or min mobility)
RCT at time of splint removal

Avulsion – 7-10 days non rigid splint, antibiotics

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26
Q

Which material is least cytotoxic for perforation repair?

A

MTA

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27
Q

: If tooth has open apex, and it gets avulsed, how you close it?

A

You use MTA.

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28
Q

Most important factor about avulsed tooth –

A

Time

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29
Q

Avulsion of tooth with closed apex ; EDT 60+ min tx?

A

Dont reimplant

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30
Q

Reason for failure of replantation of avulsed tooth:

A

external resorption

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31
Q

Indications for apico surgery:

A

When an apical portion of canal cannot be cleaned, persistent apical pathology after RCT, apical fracture, overextension.

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32
Q

contraindication for CaOH: Pulp symptomatic for last month..

A

Pulp symptomatic for last month..

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33
Q

Tx for Traumatic pulp exposure on max incisor that root has not completed formation?

A

Apexogenesis

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34
Q

: Sodium hypochlorite is used for everything except?

A

Chelation ( 17% EDTA is the chelator- removes smear/inorganic amterail)
NaOCl ( 5.25% bleach irrigation germicidal- dissolves organic tissue)

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35
Q

Tx for horizontal root fx

A

Rigid splint for horizontal root fractures 3 months

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36
Q

Patient intrudes mature maxillary incisor- tx?

A

Trauma causing deep intrusion to a permanent tooth causes PULP NECROSIS and conventional RCT is necessary. 96%

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37
Q

Avulsion of tooth with open apex ; EDT 60+ min tx?

A

Dont reimplant

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38
Q

:Biggest reason for failure of RCT –

A

faulty cleaning of the canals

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39
Q

How you manage tooth with external root resorption

A

b. Instrument and put CaOH

do CaOH every 3 months until PDL is healthy then complete RCT

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40
Q

QUESTION: Most common cell in necrotic pulp?

A

PMN cells

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41
Q

Ankylosis (aka: –

A

replacement bone formation ; replacement resorption

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42
Q

: Inflammatory external root resorption? What do you do?

A

ENDO- RCT

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43
Q

Internal resorption ass w/ all except –

  • radiography is symmetrical with the pulp space,
  • can resorb all the way to the PDL,
  • treatment option is observe until resorption stops, -resorb to create pink tooth
A

observe until resorption stops,

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44
Q

root canal failed on upper canine -

A

lack of seal

bad shaping/cleaning

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45
Q

Most common cause of RCT failure is

2nd most common cause is

A

inadequate disinfected RC,

poorly filled canals.

3rd lack of straight-line access

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46
Q

Incomplete removal of bacteria, pulp debris, and dentinal shavings is commonly caused by failure to irrigate thoroughly. Another reason is failure to

A

C. obtain a straight line access.

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47
Q

T/F. GP adheres to canal walls

A

False. needs sealer

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48
Q

QUESTION: First thing do with periapical abscess? `

A

Incise and drain, IF fluctuant

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49
Q

Which of the following conditions indicates that a periodontal, rather than an endo

A

Pain to lateral percussion with a wide sulcular pocket

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50
Q

T/F: There usually is no lesion apparent radiographically in acute apical periodontitis. However,

T/F. histologically bone destruction has been noted.

A

TRUE

TRUE

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51
Q

Mandibular second molars, followed by mandibular first molars and maxillary premolars are the most commonly affected teeth of

A

cracked tooth (vertical)

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52
Q

How to dx a horizon rt fx?

A

multpile vertical agulated xrays

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53
Q

Horizontal Root Fracture more common in ,

A

anteriors

the success and healing of horizontal root fractures is the immediate reduction of the fractured segments and the immobilization of the coronal segment (12 weeks)

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54
Q

Horizontal root fx tx?

A

splint/ reduce & immobilize

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55
Q

RDT IS

A

2MM

REMAINIG DENTINAL THICKNESS

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56
Q

Most critical for pulpal protection

A

ANS.
 Remaining dentin thickness (2mm)

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57
Q

What will not regenerate after RCT: dentin formation, cementum, PDL, alveolar bone

A

DENTIN

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58
Q

sym apical period vs.

acute apical abscess

A

diff is you will feel a bump has fluid (abcess)

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59
Q

What can tell best indicator about caries risk:

A

past caries history

least likely to predict future caries = Amount of sugar intake

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60
Q

T/F. Formation of of reparative dentin can occur as a result of successful rct

A

FALSE

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61
Q

Histogram is used to show

A

varience

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62
Q

Idiopathic sclerosis

A

Idiopathic osteosclerosis, also known as enostosis or dense bone island, is a condition which may be found around the roots of a tooth. It is usually painless and found during routine radiographs. It appears as a radiopaque (light area) around a tooth, usually a premolar or molar.

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63
Q 
AGE     :     <0.3 pmm
0-6mo :  \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
6mo-3y:  \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
3yr- 6y:   \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
6y-16y :   \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

0-6m0 = None
6mo-3y = 1/2 dropful [0.25mg / 0.5 ml ]
3y - 6y = 1 dropful [0.5mg f / 1ml]
6-16 = 2 dropfuls [ 1mg F / 2ml]

for 0.3- 0.6 ppm
( push down 2- none(0-6) none(6-3) ; .5 and 1 for older]

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64
Q

What is the Rule of 6’s ?

A

No Fl supplementation if :

  • Fl lvl in drinking water is >0.6ppm
  • Pt is < 6mo old
  • Pt is > 16 yo
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65
Q

Rule of 5’s

A 
5mg/kg = toxic
5G = lethal for adult
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66
Q

Macroglossia seen is which conditions ( tell me the except too)

A 
Down syndrome, 
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, 
primary amyloidosis,  
congenital hypothyroidism. 
EXCEPT HYPER THYROID
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67
Q

Most interproximal decay happens where? –

A

Just under the contact.

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68
Q

When do you restore a lesion? –

A

When there is cavitation

69
Q

: Which population has the most number of UNRESTORED caries:

A

black

70
Q

: Recent survey, what kind of stats on caries?

A

a. More root caries

Best dx/indicator is soft

71
Q

What’s the characteristic of a remineralized tooth? ≈

A

Darker, harder, more resistant to acid

black, dark, opaque

72
Q

3 factors that affect caries initiation?

A

substrate, bacteria, host susceptibity

73
Q

Type 2 error

A

Type II Error- accepting a false null hypothesis. This is a beta error. Another way to say this is, to this is, to reject a null that should be accepted.

more dangerous medically ex: a patient is dx as HEALTHY when they actually have the HIV.

74
Q

A __1_____, also known as a ______2____ or a mediator variable, can adversely affect the relation between the independent variable and dependent variable. This may cause the researcher to analyze the results incorrectly. The results may show a false correlation between the dependent and independent variables, leading to an incorrect rejection of the null hypothesis.

A
  1. confounding variable

2. third variable

75
Q

______ is a hypothesis which the researcher tries to disprove, reject or nullify.

A

The null hypothesis (Ho)

The ‘null’ often refers to the common view of something, while the alternative hypothesis is what the researcher really thinks is the cause of the phenomenon

76
Q

______1____ are used to reduce possibility of any other factor influcencing changes changes in the dependent variable, known as _____2______.

A
  1. Controlled variables

2. confounding variables.

77
Q

rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true. OR to reject a null that should be accepted.

A

Type 1 Error

This is an alpha error. less dangerous in terms of research

78
Q

Two common VARIABLE..what statistical test would you use?

A

chi-test

79
Q

to reject a null that should be accepted is a

A

type 2 error

aka : accepting a false null hypothesis. This is a beta error.

80
Q

What represents the variability about the mean-value of a group of observations?

A

Standard deviation

81
Q

Biggest difference across cultures regarding pain…

A

variability in pain tolerance rather than pain threshold,

82
Q

“if test determines those who do not have the disease it is testing

A

specificity

83
Q

Specificity =

sensitivity =

A

SPecificity = (without disease) aka true negative Pure

sensitivity = (with disease)

84
Q

______ is when number of people likey to get disease in given time

A

Incidence

Incidence – new cases

85
Q

specificity equation

A

tn / tn + fp

86
Q

Sensitivity equation

A

Sensitivity – tp / tp + fn

87
Q

True Negative in terms of dx:

False positive in terms of dx:

A
  1. Those who are ACTUALLY disease free

2. Those that are misdiagnosed as not as being disease free

88
Q

For a population, the research divides the number of disease cases by the number of people. By so doing, this investigator will have calculated which of the following rates?

A

c. prevalence

Prevalence – all cases

89
Q

Type I Error

A

rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true. This is an alpha error. Another way to say this is, to reject a null that should be accepted.

90
Q

What parameter study lets you have a risk quotient?-

A

Cohort

91
Q

Analyze statistical difference between two means?

A

T-test

92
Q

T/F. In a double blind study you need two controls

A

FALSE you dont

93
Q

which type of study determines relative risk ratio:

A

Cohort

94
Q

Dentist potential for abuse not likely due to

A

Vulnerability

95
Q

Who makes the MSDS?

A

manufacturer

96
Q

HAZARD COMMUNICATION LAW: what does it control?

A

sharps, blood, amalgam

created by OSHA

97
Q

________: to see if the means of two groups are statistically different if the variances like standard deviation are known. Large sample size.

A

Z test

98
Q

Steam Autoclave:

A

20 minutes at 121C and 15 psi.

99
Q

Where would you look in a scientific journal to find the dependent and independent variables

A

Methods

100
Q

Disinfectants placed on _____ ; and kills _______

A 
non-living /  inanamate surface
 kills mycobacterium (benchmark organism) - but not bacterial spores

bacterial spores

101
Q

what sterlizes by Denaturation of the proteins -

…by Coagulation of proteins -

A

alcohol and autoclave;

dry heat

102
Q

________ is the best film to visualize the condyles, condylar neck, and rami

A

Towne’s View

103
Q

T/F. American disabilities act does not include HIV.

A

False

104
Q

In 1997 there was a program which stated that all childrens needed dental coverage even with no insurance

A

Children’s Health Insurance Program

105
Q

Proper order for treatment planning:

A

emergency care, disease control, reevaluation, definitive treatment, maintenance care

106
Q

What is necessary for a test to be accurate:

A

validity

107
Q

Which are the two most imp. steps for diagnosis:

A

History and clinical examination

108
Q

Dentist codes for two separate fillings, but insurance changes it to only one

A

downcoding

109
Q

What is not associated with bilateral swelling?

A

sialolithiasis

110
Q

Who is protected under Americans with disabilities act?

A

AIDS pt. and accommodate the handicapped

111
Q

Tongue blade therapy is used for correction of what?

A

skeletal anterior

112
Q

Pterygomandibular raphe consists of (2)

A

superior constriction and buccinator

113
Q

In the past 15 years, what has been increasing?

A

root caries

114
Q

Worst impression material for final prosthesis

A

irreversible hydrocolloid

115
Q

What is true about periodontal maintenance interval

A

increasing perio maintenance intervals may be necessary if it will help with compliance

116
Q

What’s a long-lasting anesthetic?

A

bupivicaine

117
Q

What disease has melanotic pigmentation?

A

Addison’s dz

118
Q

Primary tooth that is intruded 6 mm, what should you do?

A

Ortho

  • <3mm = let re-erupt
    up to 6mm = ortho
    >7mm = surgery
119
Q

During operative procedures an increase in pulpal temperature of more than _____ may cause potentially detrimental effects to pulpal health

A

6 degrees C

120
Q

Which has the best prognosis for root amputation?

A

Divergent roots with furcation coronal

121
Q

“Ghost cells”

A

keratinized calcifycing odontogenic cyst

122
Q

Neurofibromatosis clinical presentations:

A

Café au lait,
lisch nodules,
neurofibromas

123
Q

Philadelphia chromosome (chromosomal translocation)

A

CML – Chronic myelogenous leukemia

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia runs a variable course (older patients may survive years

124
Q

Most common type of leukemia in children?

A

. ALL ( Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia)

125
Q

Most common salivary gland tumor:

A 
Pleomorphic adenoma (Benign)
Mucoepidermoid  ( Malignant)
126
Q

Most common salivary gland tumor:

A 
Pleomorphic adenoma (Benign)
Mucoepidermoid  ( Malignant)
127
Q

Orange stains typically means:

A
  • Poor oral hygiene ( typically on ant teeth)
128
Q

Brown tooth stains typically means:

A

Associated with poor oral hygiene and drinking dark-colored beverages

129
Q

Yellow-brown stains =

A

Associated with chlorhexidine and stannous fluoride, may be difficult to remove

130
Q

Black colored tooth stains =

A

Black - Usually occurs as thin lines on the cervical one third of tooth, found in healthy mouths, and often associated with consumption of iron and insoluble ferric sulfide

131
Q

Green and yellow stains =

A

poor oral hygiene and chromogenic bacteria

Uually occurs on anterior teeth

132
Q

Bluish-green stains =

A

Usually occurs due to occupational exposure of metallic dust

133
Q

Dark brown and black tooth stains =

A

Associated with tobacco products

134
Q

petit mal seizures looks like:

A

Transient loss of consciousness that lasts for five to thirty seconds - may exhibit minor motor movements of the eyes, head, or extremities

135
Q

tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures look like :

demonstrate activity that lasts for one to three minutes. The patient may experience

A

an aura and loss of consciousness. The tonic-clonic movements may cause an interruption of respiration and loss of bladder or bowel control.

136
Q

______ is the primary cause of root surface caries.

A

Actinomyces viscosus

137
Q

Complex partial (psychomotor) seizures :

A

may be preceded by an aura with transient clouding of the consciousness. These patients have behavioral alterations and purposeless, repetitive movements.

138
Q

Types of Jacksonian sx =

A

( simple/complex/ part evolv to gen)

involve one side of brain at onset

139
Q

APAP OD

A

N- Acetylcistine

140
Q

Benzo OD

A

FUmazenil

141
Q

Epi reversal

A

Phenoxybenzamine

142
Q

Max lido in kids

A

4.4mg/kg

143
Q

Max epi in cardiac

A

0.04 mg/kg

144
Q

Amphetamines cause release of?

A

NE

145
Q

Sunbrust

A

Osteosarcoma

146
Q

Blue scleara

A

DI /OI

147
Q

Ghost Teeth

A

regional odontodiplasia

Casper only scares ppl in his region

non herediatry

148
Q

Bubbles/ honey comb

A

Odontogenic myxoma

Myxy take Bubble baths while eating honey

149
Q

GRnaular cell tumore

A

congential epulis

150
Q

Build of GAGs and mucopolysacarides

A

Hunter- hulers

Hunter gags and hurls when he see mucous

151
Q

Most common malignant MAJOR salivary tumor

A

Muco-epidermoid carinma

Major Sal is very dangerous he kills ppl wiht MUCOs

152
Q

Most common malignant MINOR salivary tumor

A

ACC - adenoid cystic carcinoma

153
Q

No rubber dam on class 2 - leakage when?

A

2-4 weeks

154
Q

Acid in GI

A

Polyacylic acid

155
Q

Lute with resin in all ceramci why?

A

strongest bond of crown to tooth

156
Q

easiest cement to remove post procedure?

A

zinc phosphate

PH 3.5 - causes pulp sensity

157
Q

Cement compoenet that contribute to adhesion

A

polyCarboxylic acid

158
Q

more color stabilty in which compostite

A

light cure vs [vs self] b/c TEG-DMA

159
Q

IRM =

A

IRM ( temp material)

Zinc Oxide Eugenol mixed with MMA (or polyMMA)

160
Q

IN home bleach uses what?

A

Carbomide peroxide 10%

161
Q

In office bleaching uses?

A

H2O2 @ 35%

162
Q

Most common interanl bleaching soln?

A

Sodium Perborate

163
Q

Most common complication w/ internal bleaching

A

cervical external root respotrion

164
Q

Bechet’s produces waht lesions?

A

Apthous Ulcers

165
Q

Early sign of cavernous sinus thrombosis ?

A

BLurred vision

166
Q

MOst common cause of turner tooth?

A

Trauma

tuners’s hypoplasia of enamel

167
Q

kid w/ hiv

A

candidiasis

168
Q

fastest growing tumor v v

A

Pyogenic granuloma

NBDE 2 (13 decks)

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