RPA - CA and Esters Flashcards
why are carboxylic acids soluble in water?
The polar water and oxygens form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (dimers)
What happens to carboxylic acid solubility as chain length increases? Why
Solubility decreases as the aliplatic (hydrophillic) part is longer compared to the hydrophillic end
Which part of ester group makes up the parts of the names?
alcohol gives the aklyl group, e.g. ethyl, the acid gives the rest e.g. ethanoate.
What does a carboxylic acid react with? Give an equation for each one
Reactive metals e.g. Na
Bases - e.g. NaOH
Carbonates - e.g. NaCO3
Give two uses of esters
flavourings, perfumes
What are the two ways in which an ester can be hydrolyzed?
By acid - acid catalyst by reaction with water
By alkali - reacts with acid to produce conjugate base of acid plus alcohol
In triglycerides, what is is easy to forget?
The ester linkage. make sure there is the correct functional group on the end of the fatty acid chains
What is the trend in boiling points of fatty acids as chain length increases?
Boiling point increases
What is the difference between a simple and mixed triglyceride?
Mixed has differing fatty acid chains, simple has three identical
Give three sources of saturated fats
butter, biscuits, cake.
Give a physical characteristic of saturated fats
Solid at RTP
What are the two types of unsaturated acid, which one is bad, and why?
Trans - bad - stacks just as well as saturated
cis - good - stacks poorly due to shape => weaker VdW forces
Give a source of cis-unsaturated fats
fish
If you are given the shorthand 16:0 for a fatty acid, what do the two numbers represent?
16 carbons, no C=C bonds
What is the full name of (18:2)(9,12)
Octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid
