Roseberry Round 3

Question 1

• 1 month: demonstrates regard for caregivers face and nearby objects
• 3 months: visually searches for sources of sound
• 4 months: localizes sound sources
• 6 months: shakes toys to make noise
• 11 months: recognize their own name when called
• 12 months: uses common objects appropriately

Answer 1

cognitive developments infants

Question 2

social developments

• 1 month- establishes eye contact with caregiver
• 3 month: exhibits selective social smile
• 10 months: gives toy on request
• 12 month: exhibits emotions such as sympathy, jealousy, affection.

Answer 2

social developments infants

Question 3

• 2 months: achieves visual focus
• 3 months : reaches for and grasps objects
• 5 months: sits up with slight support.
• 7 months: crawls and pulls self to stand.

Answer 3

motor development infants

Question 4

Babies can point to what they want.

-if a child is not pointing by her first birthday, we suspect autism.

Answer 4

by one year of age.

Question 5

-Ability to engage in reciprocal interactions, routines, and general exchanges with others
-Ability to recognize and attend to environmental change
-Awareness that she can be an agent of change in
her own environment

Answer 5

GENERAL PRECURSORS TO LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT

Question 6

• Journal of speech
• examined 5000 Australian preschoolers
• found: breastfed children had better receptive vocabularies than bottlefed children.

Answer 6

Harrison, L.J., & McLeod, S. (2010). Risk and protective factors associated with speech and language impairment… Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 53, 508-529.

Question 7

birth cry, vegetative sounds

Answer 7

0-1 months

Question 8

cooing

Answer 8

1-4 months

Question 9

marginal babbling

Answer 9

4-6 months

Question 10

vocal play, reduplicated and nonreduplicated babbling

Answer 10

6-8 months

Question 11

echolalia

Answer 11

8-12 months

Question 12

9-12 months

Answer 12

9-12 months.

Question 13

lip and tongue clicks,

associated with feeding and digesting, like cries, burps

Answer 13

vegetative sounds

Question 14

sound productions that are more vowel like in nature, typically with /u/ quality

Answer 14

cooing

Question 15

production of a variety of vowel like sounds with occasional vocal tract closure, which together approximate simple consonant vowel syllables (CV) or VC

Answer 15

marginal babbling

Question 16

string of repetitive syllables

Answer 16

reduplicated babbling

Question 17

strings of syllables are more varied

Answer 17

nonreduplicated babbling

Question 18

consists of strings of syllables produced with stress and intonation that mimic real speech.

Answer 18

jargon

Question 19

infants’ relatively immediate reproduction of speech heard in the immediate environment

Answer 19

echolalia

Question 20

This consists of strings of syllables produced with stress and intonation that sound like real speech

Answer 20

jargon

Question 21

This is the baby’s relatively immediate reproduction of speech heard in the immediate environment

Answer 21

echolalia

Question 22

The most common sounds are the front and middle sounds

By 1 year of age, most American babies use: /h, d, b, m, t, g, w, n, k/

Answer 22

during babbling

Question 23

observe same babies over extended period of time

Answer 23

longitudinal research

Question 24

simultaneously observe groups of babies who are different ages
For example, in October, 2012, they might observe ten 8-month olds, ten 9-month olds, and ten 10-month olds.

Answer 24

cross sectional research

Question 25

- get a baseline of the baby's behavior - eg. they might try to see how often a baby spontaneously vocalizes in a 10 minute time period when no one does anything special. - then they introduce a variable, such as a musical toy to see if the baby vocalizes more.

Answer 25

in a single subject experimental design.

Question 26

Caregivers infer messages--impose communicative significance on babies’ behaviors such as vocal sounds, cries, and smiles.

Answer 26

Prelocutionary stage 0-6 months

Question 27

- There is stimulation of laryngeal and oral functions - Crying alerts caregivers to the baby’s needs - Babies begin to understand cause-effect relationships—they cry (cause), and there is an effect (someone comes to meet their needs)

Answer 27

when babies cry..

Question 28

After 12 weeks of age, there should be a significant decrease in the amount of crying. -between 2-4 months of age, pleasure sounds like "mmm" begin to emerge.

Answer 28

Paul and Norbury 2012

Question 29

- _____ smiles result from internal physiological stimuli | - They occur primarily during sleep

Answer 29

reflexive

Question 30

______ smiles occur in response to another person

Answer 30

social

Question 31

- very early in life, babies like things with sharp contrasts and things that move - by the end of the second month, babies can maintain eye contact with their caregivers

Answer 31

in terms of gaze patterns..

Question 32

shared activity that provides the topic of the caregiver's utterances as well as providing the focus of attention.

Answer 32

joint action

Question 33

caregivers utterances and shared attention are focused on one object

Answer 33

joint reference

Question 34

alternation of responses and pauses between participants in an activity

Answer 34

turn taking

Question 35

- caregivers often play games such as patty cake, peek a boo, and so on. - foundation of dialogue..

Answer 35

caregivers also engage babies in turntaking

Question 36

- caregivers interpret the babies' actions and vocalizations to mean something - babies' contributions to interaction are basically beyond their control

Answer 36

perlocutionary stage

Question 37

-baby is trying to establish interactions with others (generic-pay attention to me)

Answer 37

interactional, (perlocutionary stage)

Question 38

baby wants someone to help her obtain an object

Answer 38

instrumental (perlocutionary stage)

Question 39

The baby’s behavior is consciously directed toward influencing other people to act on some object (e.g., the baby points at a balloon)

Answer 39

illocutionary stage

Question 40

Personal—the baby expresses a sense of herself and her personal feelings Regulatory—baby is trying to obtain a particular type of interaction (e.g., being picked up, getting fed, trying to get a toy)

Answer 40

halliday classified communicative functions of illocutionary stage

Question 41

- Phonetically consistent forms - These are not attempts at real words - They are reliably associated with certain situations - For example, when the family dog comes in, the baby may say “eebye”

Answer 41

babies also often use

Question 42

have bright pictures - be fairly short - be indestructible (plastic is good) - have simple pictures esp. of common objects - maybe have some textures for the baby to feel (animal fur)

Answer 42

books for babies should

Question 43

in some cultures (japanese) mothers have more physical contact with their babies and vocalize less. - american mothers typically respond more to sounds of distress. - caregivers in botswana are more likely to interact with a baby when she is not focusing on an object

Answer 43

cultural and socioeconomic differences

Question 44

- thai mothers use a falling pitch pattern | - american mothers often use a rising intonation

Answer 44

to gain their babies attention

Question 45

caregivers silent with infants believing that talking with infants is not important - more focus on physical affection meeting the baby's physical needs. - the baby may have much more interaction with siblings than with the mother like samoan cultures

Answer 45

in some cultures

Question 46

- low SES mothers use more orders and commands; middle SES mothers ask more questions - low SES parents often talk to their babies much less frequently

Answer 46

why should i tlak to him? he can't talk back to me yet! | -may also be too tired to do this