ROOTS Flashcards

(45 cards)

1
Q

Are cylindrical structures which are usually located beneath the surface of the soil through which materials move from the soil
to various part of the plant

A

Roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the types of roots based on origin?

A

Primary root, secondary roots, tertiary roots, adventitious roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Two types of roots system

A

Fibrous or diffuse system, tap root system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Root anatomy

A

Regions of the root from the tip to the root hair zone, cross sectional region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Functions of the roots

A

Support, food storage, photosynthesis, protection, nitrogen fixation, aeration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The first root formed which is
the extension of the embryonic
root or radicle which is the
growing tip of the hypocotyl

A

Primary root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Roots arising from the primary root

A

Secondary roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Roots arising from the secondary roots whose branches are called rootlets

A

Tertiary roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Roots which arise from the plant structures other than roots

A

Adventitious roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Two types of adventitious roots

A

Brace root, prop root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Roots which arise from the main trunk stem

A

Brace root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Roots which arise from the lateral branches of the main stem

A

Prop root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Scientific name of corn

A

Zea mays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Consists of several main roots that branch to form a dense mass of intermeshed lateral roots

A

Fibrous or diffuse root system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Consists of one main stem which arises lateral roots

A

Tap root system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A thimble-shaped region that protects the growing tip of the root

A

Root cap region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Contains the apical meristem where the cells are actively dividing and where the primary meristems are formed

A

Meristematic or Embryonic region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the primary meristems that are formed in the apical meristem?

A

Procambium, ground meristem, protoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Two parts of root cap

A

Peripheral, columella

20
Q

Cells increase in length which results in the growth or increase in the length of the roots

A

Region of elongation / region of cell enlargement

21
Q

In this region, cells have already attained their final structural characteristics

A

Region of maturation / Region of cell differentiation

22
Q

In dicots, region of maturation or region of cell differentiation is subdivided into:

A

Root-hair zone, zone of primary permanent tissue, zone of secondary tissues

23
Q

In monocots, region of maturation or region of cell differentiation is subdivided into:

A

Root-hair zone, zone of primary permanent tissue

There are no secondary tissues
present because monocots,
generally, do not have cambia
where secondary tissues are
derived.

24
Q

It is usually a single layer of
cells derived from the protoderm which covers and protects the inner root

A

Epidermis or outer region / dermal region

25
It is the region derived from the ground meristem
Cortex or middle region
26
Cortex or middle region is composed of:
Outer collenchyma, middle parenchyma, inner endodermis
27
This types of cross sectional region consists of pericycle, primary xylem, primary phloem, vascular cambium
Stele or vascular cylinder
28
One of the functions of the roots which involved pneumatophores
Aeration
29
Scientific name of mangrove
Rhizophora spp
30
The formation of root nodules containing bacteria in their cells
Nitrogen fixation
31
Scientific name of Peanut
Arachis hypogaea
32
Presence of spines
Protection
33
What is the scientific name of a round-leaf orchid?
Amerorchis rotundifolia
34
Example of plants which has brace roots
Rubber tree, five fingers
35
Example of plants which has prop roots
Corn, pandan
36
Example of plants which has clinging roots
Creeping ivy
37
Example of plants which specialized food storage
Radish, sweet potato, turnips, carrots
38
It is where all the cells are derives from the apical meristem
Zone of primary permanent tissue
39
It is where tissues derives from the cambia either replace or are added to the primary tissue
Zone of secondary tissues
40
Characteristics of tap root system
* Consists of one main stem which arises lateral roots * derived from radicle (embryonic root) * Anchorage * In dicot and gymnosperm * Secondary growth * Fleshy taproot –carrots, beets, radish * Lateral roots ( swollen) – sweet potato, cassava
41
Characteristics of fibrous or diffuse root system
* Consists of several main roots that branch to form a dense mass of intermeshed lateral roots * Produced After the death of radicle * Source: Root primordia (at base of radicle) * Delicate and hair-like * Absorption * No prominent enlarged primary root * In monocot
42
It catalyzes the growth of the plant
Growth regulator / Plant hormones
43
Types of plant hormones
Auxin, gibberellins (gibberellic acid), abscisic acid (dormin), ethylene, cytokinin (kinetin)
44
Development of root without prior fertilization
Parthenocarpy
45
Difference between dicot and monocot
Dicot; has cambia, monocot; has no cambia