PBOT MT EXAM Flashcards
Type of sepals which are fused with each other
GAMOSEPALOUS
These are group of leaves modified or adapted for reproduction in the angiosperms
FLOWERS
The outermost whorl of the flower
SEPALS
They are generally green in color
SEPALS
Sepals fall just at the time of opening of flower bud
CADUCOUS
They collectively constitute the calyx
SEPALS
Types of sepals
- POLYSEPALOUS
- GAMOSEPALOUS
Type of sepals which are free from each other
POLYSEPALOUS
Examples of a polysepalous sepals
MUSTARD, RADISH
Examples of a gamosepalous sepals
COTTON, DATURA, BRINJAL
They enclose the outer flower parts in the bud
SEPALS
Duration of sepals
- CADUCOUS
- DECIDUOUS
- PERSISTANT
Example/s of a flower that has caducous sepals
POPPY
Sepals fall after pollination
DECIDUOUS
Highly condensed and modified reproductive shoot
FLOWERS
Petals constitute the ____
COROLLA
It functions to facilitate important event of gamete formation and fusion
FLOWERS
It connects the ovary to the stigma
STYLE
Types of petals
- ASYMMETRICAL
- SYMMETRICAL
- POLYPETALOUS
- GAMOPETALOUS
Sepals that do not fall and remain attached to fruit
PERSISTANT
Example/s of a flower that has a persistant sepals
- TOMATO
- CAPSICUM
- COTTON
- DATURA
- BRINJAL
It is the enlarged basal part, on which lies the elongated tube
OVARY
It is the male part of the flower lying inner to the corolla
STAMENS
What are the grouping of stamens
- ANTHER
- FILAMENT
- CONNECTIVE
Usually found at the tip of the style and is receptive surface for pollen grains
STIGMA
Grouping of stamens is called ____
ANDROECIUM
It is the female part of the flower which comprises the central whorl of modified floral leaves
PISTIL
Pistil is collectively called the ____
GYNOECIUM
Pistil is consisting of ____
- OVARY
- STYLE
- STIGMA
They are usually the conspicuous, colored, attractive part of a flower
PETALS
Example/s of flowers that has deciduous sepals
MUSTARD
It is the enlarged end of the flower stem or stalk
RECEPTACLE
The part where the sepals, petals, stamens, and pistil are attached
RECEPTACLE
Variations in floral structure
- BASED ON FLOWER PARTS PRESENT
- BASED ON SEXUALITY OF THE FLOWER
- BASED ON SIZE AND SHAPE OF FLORAL PARTS
- BASED ON FLORAL SYMMETRY
- BASED ON THE POSITION OF THE OVARY
- BASED ON UNION OF THE FLORAL PARTS
- BASED ON NUMBER OF FLOWER PARTS
Two types of variation in floral structure based on flower parts present
- COMPLETE FLOWER
- INCOMPLETE FLOWER
The calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium are present
COMPLETE FLOWER
A flower with one of the four whorl missing
INCOMPLETE FLOWER
Two types of variation in floral structure based on sexuality of the flower
- PERFECT FLOWER
- IMPERFECT FLOWER
Aka bisexual or hermaphroditic flower
PERFECT FLOWER
An irregular flower which resembles butterfly
PAPILLIONACEOUS
Aka unisexual flower
IMPERFECT FLOWER
It is the staminate flower
ANDROECIUM
It is the pistillate flower
GYNOECIUM
Plant sources based on sexuality of the flower
- MONOECIOUS PLANTS
- DIOECIOUS PLANTS
Staminate and pistillate flowers are present on the same plant
MONOECIOUS PLANTS
Parts do not radiate from the center and only one line divides the flower into 2 similar halves
ZYGOMORPHIC OR BILATERALLY SYMMATRICAL FLOWER
Staminate and pistillate flowers are born on separate plants
DIOECIOUS PLANTS
Example/s of dioecious plants
PAPAYA
Two types of variation in floral structure based on size and shape of floral parts
- REGULAR FLOWER
- IRREGULAR FLOWER
Types of irregular flower
- BILABIATE
- PAPILLIONACEOUS
- CAESALPINACEOUS
- ORCHIDACEOUS
An irregular flower which has two lips
BILABIATE
Types of variation in floral structure based on symmetry
- ACTINOMORPHIC OR RADIALLY SYMMETRICAL FLOWER
- ZYGOMORPHIC OR BILATERALLY SYMMETRICAL FLOWER
- ASYMMETRICAL
Parts radiate from the center and any line drawn from through center of the flower, thus divides the flower into 2 similar halves
ACTINOMORPHIC OR RADIALLY SYMMETRICAL FLOWER
When the flower cannot be divided into two equal halves from any plane
ASYMMETRICAL
Example/s of monoecious plants
- SQUASH
- CORN
Three types of variations in floral structure based on the position of the ovary
- HYPOGENOUS FLOWER
- EPIGYNOUS FLOWER
- PERIGYNOUS CONDITION
Ovary is said to be half inferior
PERIGYNOUS CONDITION
It is said to be an inferior ovary
EPIGYNOUS FLOWER
Petals, sepals, and stamens are situated below the ovary
HYPOGENOUS FLOWER
Ovary is said to be superior
HYPOGENOUS FLOWER
Other parts of flower arises above the ovary
EPIGYNOUS FLOWER
Ovary situated on the receptacle above the points of origin of the perianth and the stamens
HYPOGENOUS FLOWER
Stamen and perianth are attached above the ovary
EPIGYNOUS FLOWER
Gynoecium is situated in the center and other parts of flower are located on the rim of the thalamus almost at the same level
PERIGYNOUS CONDITION
Variations in floral structure based on union of the floral parts
- ADNATION
- CONNATION
Types of connation
- SYNSEPALOUS
- SYMPETALOUS
- SYNCARPOUS
- SYNANDROUS
With fused sepals
SYNSEPALOUS
With fused stamens
SYNANDROUS
With fused pistils
SYNCARPOUS
With fused petals
SYMPETALOUS
Variations in floral structure based o number of flower parts
- MONOCOTYLEDONOUS
- DICOTYLEDONOUS
Parts are in multiple of 4 or 5
DICOTYLEDONOUS
Parts are in multiples of 3
MONOCOTYLEDONOUS
Types of inflorescence
- RACEME
- SPIKE
- CATKIN
- CORYMB
- CYME
- UMBEL
- SPADIX
- COMPOSITE FLOWERS
- PANICLE
- FASCICLE
Main axis has short branches or pedicels, each of which terminates in a flower
RACEME
Example of a raceme plant
GLADIOLUS
A branched raceme
PANICLE
Example of a panicle plant
RICE
Similar to raceme but flowers on the axis are sessile (without pedicel)
SPIKE
Example of a spike plant
BOTTLE BRUSH
Spike which is hanging or dropping and bearing only staminate or pistillate flowers
CATKIN
Short axis and all pedicellate flowers radiate from the apex of the axis
UMBEL
A fleshy spike bearing both staminate and pistillate flowers surrounded by a petalloid bract
SPADIX
Pedicel are unequal in length but the flowers are on the same lvel
CORYMB
Younger flowers at the center have short pedicel, while the outer older flowers are longer
CORYMB
Similar to corymb but the inner flowers are older
CYME
Example of a cyme plant
SANTAN
Pedicelled or sessile flowers are crowded on one side of the stem
FASCICLE
They are group of flowers so arranged to give an appearance of a single flower
COMPOSITE FLOWERS
The characteristic of grouping of flowers is called the ___
HEAD
Example of a spadix plant
ANTHURIUM
Example of a composite flower
- SUNFLOWER
- DAISY